Whole-transcriptome analysis reveals virulence-specific pathogen−host interactions at the placenta in bovine neosporosis

• DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1198609
• Publication Date: 2023-07-15T03:23:05Z
• Authors: Pilar Horcajo; Montserrat Coronado; Iván Pastor-Ferná...; Esther Collantes-...; Laura Rico-San Román; Armando Reyes-Pal...; Luis-Miguel Orteg...
• Keywords: Host–pathogen interaction

Research on bovine neosporosis has achieved relevant milestones, but the mechanisms underlying occurrence of foetal death or protection against remain unclear. In a recent study, placentas from heifers challenged with high-virulence isolate Nc-Spain7 exhibited focal necrosis and inflammatory infiltrates as soon 10 days post-infection (dpi), although parasite detection was minimal. These lesions were more frequent at 20 dpi, coinciding higher rates in some animals. contrast, such not observed animals infected low-virulence Nc-Spain1H, where detected only placenta one animal dpi. This work aimed to study which are triggered (caruncles cotyledons) these pregnant early stages infection (10 dpi) through whole-transcriptome analysis. caruncles, provoked strong proinflammatory response effect isolate, IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signalling TNF-alpha via NF-κB pathways down-regulated. Interestingly, expression E2F target genes, related restraining response, At pronounced gene signatures detectable being intense carrying dead fetuses. However, continued without activating response. cotyledons, similar that caruncles; however, induced mild signals Finally, deconvolutional analysis both placentome tissues revealed markedly fraction activated natural killers, M1 macrophages CD8+ T cells for isolate. Therefore, our transcriptomic supports hypothesis an immune probably by multiplication could be key contributor abortion. Further studies required determine effectors govern distinct interactions high- isolates host, help elucidate molecular processes pathogenesis cattle.