Gut Microbiome as a Potential Biomarker in Fish: Dietary Exposure to Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Metals, Metabolic Functions and Cytokine Expression in Juvenile Lates calcarifer

• DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.827371
• Publication Date: 2022-07-22T15:35:54Z
• Authors: Francis Spilsbury; Md Javed Foysal; Alfred Tay; Marthe Monique Ga...
• Keywords: FOS: Computer and information sciences; 0301 basic medicine; barramundi; gut microbiome; Lates; Food science; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; Gut Microbiota; Immunological Responses in Aquatic Organisms; Immunology and Microbiology; 2. Zero hunger; Life Sciences; bioinformatics; Diversity and Function of Gut Microbiome; Pollution; QR1-502; Actinobacteria; Physical Sciences; Antibiotic Resistance in Aquatic Environments and Wastewater; Life Sciences & Biomedicine; 16S ribosomal RNA; 570; Bioinformatics; Immunology; GULF-OF-MEXICO; RAINBOW-TROUT; 610; metals; Firmicutes; END-POINT; LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; Microbiology; ecotoxicology; 03 medical and health sciences; INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA; Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology; Proteobacteria; Genetics; ICP-MS; CRUDE-OIL; 14. Life underwater; crude oil; Molecular Biology; Biology; Science & Technology; Obesity-associated Microbiome; Bacteria; Bacteroidetes; WATER HORIZON OIL; FOS: Clinical medicine; biomarkers; cytokines; Fish; Fishery; FOS: Biological sciences; Environmental Science; Microbiome; RESPONSES

The gut microbiome of fish contains core taxa whose relative abundances are modulated in response to diet, environmental factors, and exposure toxicogenic chemicals, influencing the health host fish. Recent advances genomics metabolomics have suggested potential analysis as a biomarker for compounds. In this 35-day laboratory study, 16S RNA sequencing multivariate were used explore changes juvenile Lates calcarifer exposed dietary sub-lethal doses three metals: vanadium (20 mg/kg), nickel (480 iron (470 two oils: bunker C heavy fuel oil (HFO) (1% w/w) Montara, typical Australian medium crude (ACO) w/w). Diversity was significantly reduced compared negative controls metals, but not petroleum hydrocarbons. control comprised phyla Proteobacteria (62%), Firmicutes (7%), Planctomycetes (3%), Actinobacteria (2%), Bacteroidetes (1%), others (25%). Differences bacterial metal-exposed pronounced, with Ni-, V-, Fe-exposed dominated by (81%), (68%), (48%), respectively. genus Photobacterium enriched proportionally concentration polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) oil-exposed probiotic lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus microbiota metals. Transcription cytokines IL-1, IL-10, TNF-a upregulated metals unchanged controls. However, IL-7 downregulated V, Ni, Fe, HFOs. Fish exhibits distinctive specific toxicants shows use biomarkers PAHs present oil.