Reversible splenial lesion syndrome in children: a retrospective study of 130 cases

• DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1241549
• Publication Date: 2023-09-05T09:08:41Z
• Authors: Hui Chen; Xiongying Yu; Yong Chen; Huaping Wu; Zhuqiang Wu; Jianmin Zhong; Zhenyu Tang
• Keywords: Group B; Group A

Background Reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) is a new clinico-radiological syndrome. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical features of 130 children with RESLES in China, which largest case series available literature. Methods The data diagnosed as Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital between 2017 and 2023 were analyzed. cases divided into two groups: ≤ 3 years old group (group A) ( n = 83) > B) 47). chi-squared test or Fisher's was used to evaluate data. Results vast majority patients (127/130 cases, 97.7%) had prodromal symptoms infection. Preceding infections gastrointestinal tract statistically more significant A (60/83, 72.3%) than B (11/47, 23.4%) P < 0.05). respiratory (33/47, 70.2%) (17/83, 20.5%) Seizures (82/83, 98.8%) (24/47,51.1%) disturbance consciousness headache/dizziness (27/47, 57.4%; 37/47, 78.7%) (3/83, 3.6%; 1/83, 1.2%), respectively Convulsions mild gastroenteritis (CwG) (50/83, 60.2%) (8/47, 17.0%) However, encephalitis/encephalopathy (20/47, 42.6%) (10/83, 12.0%) MRI showed cytotoxic edema typical locations (RESLES type-1 limited splenium corpus callosum type-2 spread entire callosum, adjacent white matter, both). There full recovery lesions all from days 50 after initial examinations. All normal neurodevelopment. Conclusion Infection most common cause RESLES. Infections are children, while >3 children. Younger likely develop convulsions, older have headache/dizziness. has characteristic manifestations good prognosis.