Proceedings of the Eighth Annual Deep Brain Stimulation Think Tank: Advances in Optogenetics, Ethical Issues Affecting DBS Research, Neuromodulatory Approaches for Depression, Adaptive Neurostimulation, and Emerging DBS Technologies

• DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.644593
• Publication Date: 2021-04-19T14:16:27Z
• Authors: Vinata Vedam-Mai; Karl Deisseroth; James Giordano; Gabriel Lazaro-Munoz; Winston Chiong; Nanthia Suthana; Jean-Philippe Lan...; Jay Gill; Wayne Goodman; Nicole R. Provenza; Casey H. Halpern; Rajat S. Shivacharan; Tricia N. Cunningham; Sameer A. Sheth; Nader Pouratian; Katherine W. Scangos; Helen S. Mayberg; Andreas Horn; Kara A. Johnson; Christopher R. Bu...; Ro’ee Gilron; Coralie de Hemptinne; Robert Wilt; Maria Yaroshinsky; Simon Little; Philip Starr; Greg Worrell; Prasad Shirvalkar; Edward Chang; Jens Volkmann; Muthuraman Muthur...; Sergiu Groppa; Andrea A. Kühn; Luming Li; Matthew Johnson; Kevin J. Otto; Robert Raike; Steve Goetz; Chengyuan Wu; Peter Silburn; Binith Cheeran; Yagna J. Pathak; Mahsa Malekmohammadi; Aysegul Gunduz; Joshua K. Wong; Stephanie Cernera; Wei Hu; Aparna Wagle Shukla; Adolfo Ramirez-Za...; Wissam Deeb; Addie Patterson; Kelly D. Foote; Michael S. Okun
• Keywords: ddc:004; Assistive Technology; neuroimaging; Depression; Rehabilitation; Neurosciences; DBS; DBS (deep brain stimulation); Bioengineering; Experimental Psychology; Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry; Brain Disorders; 3. Good health; neuroethics; Mental Health; Neurological; Psychology; Cognitive Sciences; novel hardware; adaptive DBS; optogenetics; RC321-571; Neuroscience

We estimate that 208,000 deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices have been implanted to address neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders worldwide. DBS Think Tank presenters pooled data and determined that DBS expanded in its scope and has been applied to multiple brain disorders in an effort to modulate neural circuitry. The DBS Think Tank was founded in 2012 providing a space where clinicians, engineers, researchers from industry and academia discuss current and emerging DBS technologies and logistical and ethical issues facing the field. The emphasis is on cutting edge research and collaboration aimed to advance the DBS field. The Eighth Annual DBS Think Tank was held virtually on September 1 and 2, 2020 (Zoom Video Communications) due to restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The meeting focused on advances in: (1) optogenetics as a tool for comprehending neurobiology of diseases and on optogenetically-inspired DBS, (2) cutting edge of emerging DBS technologies, (3) ethical issues affecting DBS research and access to care, (4) neuromodulatory approaches for depression, (5) advancing novel hardware, software and imaging methodologies, (6) use of neurophysiological signals in adaptive neurostimulation, and (7) use of more advanced technologies to improve DBS clinical outcomes. There were 178 attendees who participated in a DBS Think Tank survey, which revealed the expansion of DBS into several indications such as obesity, post-traumatic stress disorder, addiction and Alzheimer’s disease. This proceedings summarizes the advances discussed at the Eighth Annual DBS Think Tank.