Combined exposure to multiple essential elements and cadmium at early pregnancy on gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study

• DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1278617
• Publication Date: 2023-12-06T08:09:17Z
• Authors: Guifang Deng; Hengying Chen; Yao Liu; Yingyu Zhou; Xiaoping Lin; Yuanhuan Wei; Ruifang Sun; Zheqing Zhang; Zhenhe Huang
• Keywords: Nutrition and Dietetics; cadmium; Nutrition. Foods and food supply; Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism; mixed exposure; zinc; gestational diabetes mellitus; elements; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; copper; TX341-641; Food Science; Nutrition

Background Minerals and trace elements were involved in the pathogenesis progression of diabetes. However, association mixed exposure to essential toxic with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is poorly understood. Objective This study aims examine associations between serum calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), cadmium (Cd) concentrations early pregnancy GDM risk Chinese pregnant women. Method A total 1,168 women included this prospective cohort study. The measured using polarography method before 14 weeks an oral glucose tolerance test was conducted at 24–28 diagnose GDM. Binary logistic regression analysis restricted cubic spline applied evaluate individual element Bayesian kernel machine (BKMR) weighted quantile sum (WQS) used assess Cd risk. Results mean Zn (124.65 vs. 120.12 μmol/L), Fe (135.26 132.21 μmol/L) Cu (23.33 23.03 group significantly higher than those control group. Single-element modeling results suggested that second fourth-quartile maternal concentration, third concentration Ca associated increased compared first-quartile values. Restricted showed U-shaped non-linear relationships According BKMR models WQS analyses, a six-element mixture positively Additionally, Cd, Zn, contributed most strongly association. Conclusion Serum Cu, Fe, during positive evaluation. multiple-evaluation high levels mixture, particularly may promote development