Foliar-Applied Glutathione Mitigates Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress by Modulating Antioxidant-Scavenging, Redox-Regulating, and Hormone-Balancing Systems in Brassica napus

• DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.700413
• Publication Date: 2021-09-13T05:40:36Z
• Authors: Ha-il Jung; Tae-Gu Lee; Jinwook Lee; Mi-Jin Chae; Eun-Jin Lee; Myung-Sook Kim; Goo-Bok Jung; Amoakwah Emmanuel; Sangho Jeon; Bok-Rye Lee
• Keywords: Impacts of Elevated CO2 and Ozone on Plant Physiology; Environmental Impact of Heavy Metal Contamination; oilseed rape; hormone; Oxidase test; Organic chemistry; Plant Science; Superoxide dismutase; Biochemistry; SB1-1110; Agricultural and Biological Sciences; Redox; 03 medical and health sciences; glutathione; Molecular Responses to Abiotic Stress in Plants; 0303 health sciences; Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; Plant culture; Life Sciences; ascorbate-glutathione-NADPH cycle; Abiotic Stress; cadmium phytotoxicity; Pollution; Glutathione; Chemistry; Oxidative stress; Enzyme; Environmental Science; Physical Sciences; Antioxidant; Reactive oxygen species

The antioxidant glutathione (GSH) mitigates adverse physio-metabolic effects and defends against abiotic types of stress, such as cadmium (Cd) stress. However, its function role in resisting Cd phytotoxicity by leveraging plant antioxidant-scavenging, redox-regulating, hormone-balancing systems have not been comprehensively systematically demonstrated the Cd-hyperaccumulating Brassica napus L. cv. Tammi (oilseed rape). In this study, exogenously applied GSH to leaves B. seedlings exposed (10 μM) were investigated. As a result, stress alone significantly inhibited growth increased levels reactive oxygen species (ROS) bioaccumulation compared with those unstressed controls. Furthermore, induced an imbalance hormone decreases endogenous redox ratios, which correlated reductions ascorbate (AsA) and/or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) states. exogenous application Cd-stressed reduced Cd-induced ROS enhanced antioxidant-scavenging defenses regulation both increasing seedling AsA, GSH, NADPH concentrations rebalancing hormones, thereby enhancing uptake accumulation. These results demonstrate that improved status upregulating AsA-GSH-NADPH cycle reestablishing normal hormonal balance. This indicates can mitigate possibly other plants. Therefore, potentially be Cd-polluted soil for remediation.