Vitis labrusca genome assembly reveals diversification between wild and cultivated grapevine genomes

• DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1234130
• Publication Date: 2023-08-31T12:03:15Z
• Authors: Bo Li; Andrea R. Gschwend
• Keywords: 0303 health sciences; 03 medical and health sciences; Vitis labrusca; Vitis vinifera; genetic variation; segmental duplication; Plant culture; comparative genomics; Plant Science; grapevine; SB1-1110

Wild grapevines are important genetic resources in breeding programs to confer adaptive fitness traits and unique fruit characteristics, but the genetics underlying these traits, their evolutionary origins, largely unknown. To determine factors that contributed grapevine genome diversification, we performed comprehensive intragenomic intergenomic analyses with three cultivated European (including PN40024 reference genome) two wild North American genomes, including our newly released Vitis labrusca genome. We found heterozygosity of genomes was twice as high studied. Approximately 30% V. 48% vinifera Chardonnay genes were heterozygous or hemizygous a considerable number collinear between had different gene zygosity. Our study revealed evidence supports gain-loss events parental resulted inheritance Thousands segmental duplications supplied source material for genome-specific genes, further driving diversification an enrichment recently duplicated, similar functional pathways, differential retention environment-specific within each For example, large expansions NLR discovered findings support variation transposable elements grapevines. work zygosity, duplications, gain-and-loss variations, element polymorphisms can be key forces diversification.