Integrated analysis of transcriptome, metabolome, and histochemistry reveals the response mechanisms of different ages Panax notoginseng to root-knot nematode infection

• DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1258316
• Publication Date: 2023-09-15T03:20:46Z
• Authors: Zhuhua Wang; Wenpeng Wang; Wentao Wu; Huiling Wang; Shuai Zhang; Chen Ye; Liwei Guo; Zhaoxia Wei; Hongping Huang; Yixiang Liu; Shusheng Zhu; Youyong Zhu; Yang Wang; Xiahong He
• Keywords: Panax notoginseng; Phenylpropanoid; Monolignol; Metabolome; Root-knot nematode; Jasmonic acid; Flavonoid Biosynthesis; Chlorogenic Acid

Panax notoginseng (P. notoginseng) is an invaluable perennial medicinal herb. However, the roots of P. are frequently subjected to severe damage caused by root-knot nematode (RKN) infestation. Although we have observed that possessed adult-plant resistance (APR) against RKN disease, defense response mechanisms disease in different age groups remain unexplored. We aimed elucidate at stages development infection employing transcriptome, metabolome, and histochemistry analyses. Our findings indicated distinct may activate phenylpropanoid flavonoid biosynthesis pathways varying ways, leading synthesis phenolics, flavonoids, lignin, anthocyanin pigments as both mechanism attacks. Specifically, one-year-old exhibited through upregulation 5-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid key genes involved monolignol biosynthesis, such PAL, CCR, CYP73A, CYP98A, POD, CAD. Moreover, two-year-old enhanced depleting chlorogenic downregulating most associated with while concurrently increasing cyanidin ANR biosynthesis. Three-year-old reinforced its significantly five phenolic acids related namely p-coumaric acid, 1-O-sinapoyl-D-glucose, coniferyl alcohol, ferulic acid. Notably, can establish a lignin barrier restricted site. In summary, potential ability impede further propagation accumulation or depletion compounds relevant within pathways, well induction lignification tissue cells.