Integrative transcriptomics and proteomics profiling of Arabidopsis thaliana elucidates novel mechanisms underlying spaceflight adaptation

• DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1260429
• Publication Date: 2023-11-27T13:24:45Z
• Authors: Gbolaga O. Olanre...; Natasha J. Haveman; Michael J. Naldrett; Anna-Lisa Paul; Robert J. Ferl; Sarah E. Wyatt
• Keywords: Spaceflight; Proteome; Exoribonuclease

Spaceflight presents a unique environment with complex stressors, including microgravity and radiation, that can influence plant physiology at molecular levels. Combining transcriptomics proteomics approaches, this research gives insights into the coordination of transcriptome proteome in Arabidopsis’ physiological responses to environmental stress. Arabidopsis seedlings were germinated grown (µ g ) aboard International Space Station (ISS) NASA Biological Research Canisters – Light Emitting Diode (BRIC LED) hardware, ground control established on Earth. At 10 days old, frozen RNA-later returned RNA-seq TMT-labeled LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis cellular fractionates from tissues suggest alteration photosynthetic machinery (PSII PSI) spaceflight, shifting photosystem core-regulatory proteins an organ-specific manner adapt environment. An overview ribosome, spliceosome, proteasome activities spaceflight revealed significant abundance transcripts involved protease binding, nuclease activities, mRNA binding while those tRNA exoribonuclease activity, RNA helicase activity less abundant spaceflight. CELLULOSE SYNTHASES (CESA1, CESA3, CESA5, CESA7) CELLULOSE-LIKE PROTEINS (CSLE1, CSLG3), cellulose deposition TUBULIN COFACTOR B (TFCB) had reduced This contrasts increased expression UDP-ARABINOPYRANOSE MUTASEs, biosynthesis cell wall non-cellulosic polysaccharides, Both suggested altered polar auxin redistribution, lipid, ionic intracellular transportation Analyses also metabolic energy requirement for plants than Earth, hence, activation several shunt pathways. study provides novel insights, based integrated protein data, how it is step further achieving sustainable crop production Space.