Global Geographic Distribution and Host Range of Fusarium circinatum, the Causal Agent of Pine Pitch Canker

• DOI: 10.3390/f11070724
• Publication Date: 2020-07-02T06:44:25Z
• Authors: Rein Drenkhan; Beccy Ganley; Jorge Martín-García; Petr Vahalík; Kalev Adamson; Katarína Adamčíková; Rodrigo Ahumada; Lior Blank; Helena Bragança; Paolo Capretti; Michelle Cleary; Carolina Cornejo; Kateryna Davydenko; Julio J. Diez; Hatice Tuğba Doğm...; Miloň Dvořák; Rasmus Enderle; Gerda Fourie; Margarita Georgieva; Luisa Ghelardini; Jarkko Hantula; Renaud Ioos; Eugenia Iturritxa; Loukas Kanetis; Natalia N. Karpun; András Koltay; Elena Landeras; Svetlana Markovskaja; Nebai Mesanza; Ivan Milenković; Dmitry L. Musolin; Konstantinos Niko...; Justyna A. Nowako...; Nikica Ogris; Funda Oskay; Tomasz Oszako; Irena Papazova-An...; Marius Paraschiv; Matias Pasquali; Francesco Pecori; Trond Rafoss; Kristina Raitelai...; Rosa Raposo; Cecile Robin; Carlos A. Rodas; Alberto Santini; Antonio V. Sanz-Ros; Andrey V. Selikho...; Alejandro Solla; Mirkka Soukainen; Nikoleta Soulioti; Emma T. Steenkamp; Panaghiotis Tsopelas; Aleksandar Vemić; Anna Maria Vettraino; Michael J. Wingfield; Stephen Woodward; Cristina Zamora-B...; Martin S. Mullett
• Keywords: Canker; Species distribution

Fusarium circinatum, the causal agent of pine pitch canker (PPC), is currently one most important threats Pinus spp. globally. This pathogen known in many pine-growing regions, including natural and planted forests, can affect all life stages trees, from emerging seedlings to mature trees. Despite importance PPC, global distribution F. circinatum poorly documented, this problem also true hosts within countries that are affected. The aim study was review with a particular focus on Europe. We considered (1) current historical records, both positive negative, based confirmed reports Europe globally; (2) genetic diversity population structure pathogen; (3) PPC Europe, comparing published models predicted disease distribution; (4) host susceptibility by reviewing literature generating comprehensive list for fungus. These data were collated 41 used compile specially constructed geo-database. A 6297 observation records showed symptoms it causes conifers occurred 14 countries, four absent 28 countries. Field observations experimental 138 species revealed 106 susceptible 85 species, 6 non-pine tree 15 grass herb species. Our confirm varies between different ages environmental characteristics. Knowledge geographic distribution, range relative essential management, mitigation containment strategies. findings reported will support free implementing effective procedures restrictions prevent further spread pathogen.