Barriers for Compliance to Breast, Colorectal, and Cervical Screening Cancer Tests among Hispanic Patients

• DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010021
• Publication Date: 2015-12-23T11:52:19Z
• Authors: Christine Miranda...; Elba Betancourt; Yelitza Ruiz-Cand...; Robert Hunter-Mel...
• Keywords: Adult; Male; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Article; White People; 03 medical and health sciences; Sex Factors; 0302 clinical medicine; Humans; Mass Screening; 10. No inequality; Early Detection of Cancer; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; 4. Education; Puerto Rico; Colonoscopy; Hispanic or Latino; Middle Aged; 3. Good health; cancer screening; compliance; barriers; Hispanics; Patient Compliance; Female; Colorectal Neoplasms; Mammography; Papanicolaou Test

Hispanics are less likely to undergo screening tests for colorectal cancer and cervical cancer than non-Hispanic whites. Compliance with mammography, fecal occult blood testing (FOBT), colonoscopy, and cervical smears (PAP) and barriers for compliance were studied. A descriptive study was performed with 194 ambulatory patients while they attended routine medical visits. Women are more likely than men to undergo a colonoscopy. Conversely, FOBT was most likely reported by men. Reasons for compliance with FOBT differed by gender. Men were most likely to avoid FOBT due to lack of knowledge whereas women reported that physicians do not recommend the procedure. Both men and women reported that lack of physician’s recommendation was their primary reason for not undergoing a colonoscopy. Men tend to report lack of knowledge about colonoscopy procedure. A higher mammogram utilization rate was reported by women older than 40 years. PAP smears were reported by 74% of women older than 21 years. The major reasons for avoiding mammography and PAP tests were having a busy schedule, fear, and feeling uncomfortable during the procedure. In a multivariate regression analysis, occupational status was found to be a predictor for compliance with FOBT and colonoscopy.