N-Palmitoylethanolamide-Oxazoline Protects against Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Injury in Diabetic Rats by Regulating the SIRT1 Pathway

• DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194845
• Publication Date: 2019-09-30T09:58:33Z
• Authors: Roberta Fusco; Maria Scuto; Marika Cordaro; Ramona D’Amico; Enrico Gugliandolo; Rosalba Siracusa; Alessio Filippo P...; Rosalia Crupi; Daniela Impellizzeri; Salvatore Cuzzocrea; Rosanna Di Paola
• Keywords: Palmitoylethanolamide; Oxazoline

Diabetes causes various macrovascular and microvascular alterations, often culminating in major clinical complications (first of all, stroke) that lack an effective therapeutic intervention. N-palmitoylethanolamide-oxazoline (PEA-OXA) possesses anti-inflammatory potent neuroprotective effects. Although recent studies have explained the properties PEA-OXA, nothing is known about its effects treating cerebral ischemia. Methods: Focal ischemia was induced by transient middle artery occlusion (MCAo) right hemisphere. Middle (MCA) provided introducing a 4–0 nylon monofilament (Ethilon; Johnson & Johnson, Somerville, NJ, USA) precoated with silicone via external carotid into internal to occlude MCA. Results: A neurological severity score infarct volumes were carried out assess PEA-OXA. Moreover, we observed PEA-OXA-mediated improvements tissue histology shown reduction lesion size improvement apoptosis level (assessed caspases, Bax, Bcl-2 modulation TUNEL assay), which further supported efficacy PEA-OXA therapy. We also found treatment able reduce mast cell degranulation MCAo-induced expression NF-κB pathways, cytokines, neurotrophic factors. Conclusions: based on these findings, propose could be useful decreasing risk impairment or improving function ischemia/reperfusion brain injury-related disorders.