Functional and Proteomic Insights into Aculeata Venoms

• DOI: 10.3390/toxins15030224
• Publication Date: 2023-03-17T06:29:59Z
• Authors: Daniel Dashevsky; Kate Baumann; Eivind A. B. Undheim; Amanda Nouwens; Maria P. Ikonomop...; Justin O. Schmidt; Lilin Ge; Hang Fai Kwok; Juanita Rodriguez; Bryan G. Fry
• Keywords: Proteomics; Venoms; Aculeata; R; venom; sociality; Bees; Hymenoptera; Aculeata; venom; sociality; proteomics; cytotoxicity; Article; proteomics; cytotoxicity; Medicine; Animals; Transcriptome; Toxins, Biological

Aculeate hymenopterans use their venom for a variety of different purposes. The solitary aculeates paralyze and preserve prey without killing it, whereas social utilize in defence colony. These distinct applications suggest that its components functions are also likely to differ. This study investigates range species across Aculeata. We combined electrophoretic, mass spectrometric, transcriptomic techniques characterize the compositions venoms from an incredibly diverse taxon. In addition, vitro assays shed light on biological activities. Although there were many common identified with behavior, significant variations presence activity enzymes such as phospholipase A2s serine proteases cytotoxicity venoms. Social aculeate showed higher peptides cause damage pain victims. venom-gland transcriptome European honeybee (Apis mellifera) contained highly conserved toxins which match those by previous investigations. contrast, less-studied taxa returned limited results our proteomic databases, suggesting they contain unique toxins.