Aerated drinks increase gastric volume and reduce appetite as assessed by MRI: a randomized, balanced, crossover trial

• DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.096974
• Publication Date: 2014-12-04T02:42:39Z
• Authors: Kathryn Murray; Elisa Placidi; Ewoud AH Schuring; Caroline L Hoad; Wieneke Koppenol; Luben N Arnaudov; Wendy AM Blom; Susan E Pritchard; Simeon D Stoyanov; Penny A Gowland; Robin C Spiller; Harry PF Peters; Luca Marciani
• Keywords: Crossover study

Compared with nonaerated, isocaloric controls, aerated foods can reduce appetite throughout an entire dieting day. Increased gastric volumes and delayed emptying are possible but unexplored mechanisms.We tested the hypothesis that drinks (foams) of differing stability would increase distension compared a control drink.In randomized, balanced, crossover trial, 18 healthy male participants consumed following 3 skimmed-milk-based test products (all 110 kcal): 2 to foams by whipping (to 490 mL), one drink was stable in stomach [stable foam (SF)], less [less-stable (LSF)], nonaerated [liquid (LC); 140 mL]. Over 4 h, contents (foam, air, liquid) were imaged using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), self-reported ratings collected quantified area under curve or time return baseline (TTRTB).Compared LC, both caused significantly increased reduced hunger P < 0.001). LSF, SF further produced slower decrease total content (P 0.05) volume 0.0001) longer TTRTB (197 248 min, respectively; 0.05), although AUC not statistically different. Results for other scales similar.With this MRI we provide novel insights on gastrointestinal behavior measuring separate foam, liquid, air layers stomach. Appetite suppression induced could largely be explained effects emptying, which may enhanced stability. This trial registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01690182.