Carbohydrate Intake Modulates the Effect of the ABCA1 -R230C Variant on HDL Cholesterol Concentrations in Premenopausal Women

• DOI: 10.3945/jn.111.152421
• Publication Date: 2011-12-22T01:22:58Z
• Authors: Sandra Romero-Hid...; Teresa Villarreal...; Juan A González-B...; Samuel Canizales-...; Martha E. Rodrígu...; Lucia B. Yañez-Ve...; Demetrio A. Berna...; Antonio R. Villa; Barbara Antuna-Pu...; Víctor Acuña-Alonzo; José L. Merino-Ga...; Hayde N. Moreno-S...; Alessandra Carnevale
• Keywords: Adult; Male; 0301 basic medicine; 2. Zero hunger; Sex Characteristics; Genotype; Cholesterol, HDL; Genetic Variation; Middle Aged; Diet Surveys; 3. Good health; 03 medical and health sciences; Cross-Sectional Studies; Premenopause; Risk Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Dietary Carbohydrates; Humans; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Female; Mexico; Alleles; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1

The R230C variant of the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) gene has been consistently associated with decreased HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations in several studies in the Mexican mestizo population. However, information on how diet composition modifies the effect of the ABCA1-R230C variant on HDL-C concentrations is very scarce. The aim of the present study was to analyze whether the effect of ABCA1-R230C on HDL-C concentrations is modulated by dietary factors in a nationwide population sample of 3591 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Survey conducted by the State's Employees' Social Security and Social Services Institute. All participants answered a validated questionnaire to assess health status and weekly food consumption. Fasting blood samples were drawn for biochemical analysis and DNA extraction, and the ABCA1-R230C variant was genotyped using TaqMan assays. Statistical analyses consisted of simple linear and multiple regression modeling adjusting for age, BMI, smoking, and alcohol consumption. The overall C risk allele frequency was 9.3% and the variant was significantly associated with low HDL-C concentrations in both sexes. A significant negative correlation between carbohydrate consumption and HDL-C concentrations was observed in women bearing the R230C variant (P = 0.021) and a significant gene-diet interaction was found only in premenopausal women (P = 0.037). In conclusion, the effect of the ABCA1-R230C gene variant on HDL-C concentrations is modulated by carbohydrate intake in premenopausal women. This finding may help design optimized dietary interventions according to sex and ABCA1-R230C genotype.