Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

• DOI: 10.4088/jcp.12m07698
• Publication Date: 2013-03-18T20:42:34Z
• Authors: Kevin M. Antshel; Prashant Kaul; Joseph Biederman; Thomas J. Spencer; Bridget O. Hier; Kaitlin Hendricks; Stephen V. Faraone
• Keywords: Adult; Male; Self-Assessment; Emotions; Comorbidity; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; Activities of Daily Living; Prevalence; Humans; Demography; Family Health; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Middle Aged; 16. Peace & justice; 3. Good health; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Massachusetts; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Impulsive Behavior; Quality of Life; Female; Social Adjustment

Article AbstractObjective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by clinically significant functional impairment due to symptoms of inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity. Previous research suggests a link, in child samples, between ADHD posttraumatic stress (PTSD), which (1) chronically reexperiencing traumatic event, (2) hyperarousal, (3) avoiding stimuli associated with the trauma while exhibiting numbed responsiveness. This study sought address link PTSD adults providing comprehensive comparison patients without across multiple variables including demographics, patterns psychiatric comorbidities, impairments, quality life, social adjustment, familial transmission.Method: Participants our controlled family conducted 1998 2003 were 190 DSM-IV who attending an outpatient mental health clinic Boston, Massachusetts; 16 recruited advertisement from greater Boston area; 123 adult controls area. All available first-degree relatives also participated. Subjects completed large battery self-report measures (the Quality Life Enjoyment Satisfaction Questionnaire, items Current Behavior Scale, Social Adjustment Scale Self-Report, Four Factor Index Status) designed assess various parameters. Diagnoses made using data obtained structured interviews (Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I Disorders, Clinician Version, Schedule Affective Disorders Schizophrenia School-Aged Children-Epidemiologic Version).Results: The lifetime prevalence was significantly higher among compared (10.0% vs 1.6%; P = .004). those + did not differ core nor age at onset, but had rates comorbidity than only (including major depressive disorder, oppositional defiant phobia, agoraphobia, generalized anxiety disorder) worse life ratings all domains. Familial risk analysis revealed that probands elevated both (51%) (12%) differed (7% 0% , respectively). A similar pattern (80% 40%) observed (P ≤ .001 conditions).Conclusions: leads clinical severity terms psychosocial functioning. coaggregation 2 disorders these share factors their co-occurrence diagnostic errors.J Clin Psychiatry 2013;74(3):e197-e204© Copyright 2013 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc.Submitted: February 3, 2012; accepted October 8, 2012 (doi:10.4088/JCP.12m07698).Corresponding author: Stephen V. Faraone, PhD, Department Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams St, Syracuse, NY 13210 ([e-mail]).