Investigating Tensile Bonding and Other Properties of Yttrium Oxide Nanoparticles Impregnated Heat-Cured Soft-Denture Lining Composite In Vitro

• DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_274_21
• Publication Date: 2023-08-14T11:43:50Z
• Authors: Hikmat J Abdul-Baqi; Ihab N Safi; Ali Nima Ahmad; Abdalbseet A Fatalla
• Keywords: Shore durometer; Tear resistance; Acrylic resin; Universal testing machine

INTRODUCTION Resilient liners, which are layered between the denture base and oral mucosa, composed of plasticized resins or silicone elastomers.[1] The heat cured auto-polymerized.[2] Long-term short-term resilient liners have differences: long-term remain for 30 days up to 12 months, whereas maintain their desirable properties 7 days.[3] indicated patients with sharp atrophied alveolar ridge, thin mucosa who could not tolerate pressure that causes pressing indenture mark.[4] main drawback is loss durable bond material, because detachment from a common clinical problem; reliable soft liner required optimal function.[5] methods used evaluate bonding strength materials include peel, shear, tensile tests.[6] Tear resistance test evaluates ability material resist tearing forces when subjected cleaning procedure.[7] hardness (shore A) considered one nondestructive tests determine whether can be as liner; this reaction force tested indentation.[8] Surface roughness an influence adhesion microorganisms; rougher surface indicates higher biofilm accumulation.[9] Yttrium oxide (Y2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) highly insoluble, thermally stable, air-stable substance good chemical stability, resistivity, breakdown strength.[10] This study aimed mechanical materials, namely, strength, tear shore A hardness, roughness, after impregnation Y2O3 NPs. null hypothesis states NPs do affect compared control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS pilot involves using four concentrations (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 wt%) was conducted. 1.5 2 wt.% were chosen they revealed favorable improvements in without affecting soft-lining materials. Composites (Vertex Soft, Vertex Dental, Netherlands) (US Research Nanomaterials, Houston, TX, USA) prepared by adding measured nano-Y2O3 monomers. probe sonication apparatus (Soniprep 150, Highland, UK; 120 W, 60 kHz) 3 min achieve distribution within monomer. monomer immediately mixed powder minimize chance particle aggregation. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (Tensor 27, München, Germany) performed investigate interaction poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (AIS2300, Anestron Advanced, Peabody, MA, dispersion matrix PEMA, energy-dispersive spectrum (EDS) obtain atomic weight percentages composition nanocomposite. specimens fabricated assess (10 group 10 each NPs). Bond universal testing machine (WDW-20, Larger Technology Co., Ltd., Quanzhou, China) crosshead speed 5 mm/min. maximum load needed failure registered specimens. following equation applied: (N/mm2) = F/A, where F at (N) cross-sectional area sample (mm2).[11] Acrylic blocks mm × 83 width, depth, length, respectively, according manufacturer's instructions. Then, acrylic positioned mold space filled amount Thirty literature strength.[12] 500 mm/min measure per unit thickness initiation. determined follows: F/D, break D medium (mm). diameter testing. All immersed distilled water kept incubator 48 h 37°C before durometer (Time Instruments TH200, Shandong, lining Five readings sample. contact time s penetration, average value. (65 mm) 24 profilometer device (TIME, TIME3200/3202 (TR200), used. Three measurements sample, value calculated. results statistically analyzed interpreting mean, standard deviation, bar chart plotting; addition one-way analysis variance (ANOVA) table multiple-comparison Bonferroni's applied. RESULTS FTIR (1.5 wt.%) soft-denture had no [Figure 1].Figure 1: analysisThe SEM images experimental groups reveal uniform 2].Figure 2: EDS diagram incorporation into shown Figure 3.Figure 3: Energy-dispersive analysisTensile increased One-way ANOVA remarkable difference among groups, Bonferroni significant differences (P < 0.05), but substantial found both > 0.05) 4.Figure 4: Bar representation all (bars similar letters represent P 0.05)Figure shows substantially 0.002). Multiple-comparison 2wt.% 0.05).Figure 5: 0.05)The showed greatest mean 6. considerably than 0.001). obtained applied test.Figure 6: concentration (2 other liners. Its remarkably different further multiple comparisons show 7].Figure 7: 0.05)DISCUSSION effect modification on soft, acrylic-based investigated. Denture supposed increase patients' acceptance throughout functional stress distribution. Many problems correlated such poor strength.[13] Soft-denture should excellent base, lead hygienic problems.[14] improved NPs, attributed van der Waals nanofillers polymer.[15] According Jacobsen et al.,[16] penetration inversely proportional viscosity relationship explain flowability stiffness will permit easy adaptation provide molecules chemically polymers across interface resin.[1718] durability marginal integrity may interfacial formation polymer, polymer chains rupture under forces.[15] When propagated, inside scatter strain energy near tips growing cracks; therefore, large matrix.[19] directly nanofiller fine size fillers produced greater along homogeneity bonds.[2021] One most important it lessens impact absorption.[2223] In study, NP liner. matrix. decrease interparticle distance particles makes cluster together spaces subsequently leads hardness.[8242526] characteristic affects microorganisms development pathogenic diseases, stomatitis, result interference proper hygiene maintenance.[8252627] resulted unremarkable roughness. small impregnated caused nonsubstantial roughness.[2128,29] CONCLUSION Within limitations concluded RESEARCH APPLICABILITY results, characterizations heat-cured composite make suitable applicable practice modified material. LIMITATION did biological test. Any researcher cannot gamble introduce depending physical properties. plan support our study. ACKNOWLEDGMENT Nil. FINANCIAL SUPPORT SPONSORSHIP CONFLICTS OF INTEREST There conflicts interest. AUTHORS CONTRIBUTIONS Authors equally contributed paper. ETHICAL POLICY INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARD STATEMENT Not applicable. PATIENT DECLARATION CONSENT DATA AVAILABILITY data available corresponding author (Prof. Dr. Abdalbseet Fatalla, e-mail: [email protected]) request.