Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass

• DOI: 10.4155/bfs.11.116
• Publication Date: 2011-07-28T14:06:03Z
• Authors: Bin Yang; Ziyu Dai; Shi-You Ding; Charles E Wyman
• Keywords: 0303 health sciences; 03 medical and health sciences; 7. Clean energy

Biological conversion of cellulosic biomass to fuels and chemicals offers the high yields to products vital to economic success and the potential for very low costs. Enzymatic hydrolysis that converts lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars may be the most complex step in this process due to substrate-related and enzyme-related effects and their interactions. Although enzymatic hydrolysis offers the potential for higher yields, higher selectivity, lower energy costs and milder operating conditions than chemical processes, the mechanism of enzymatic hydrolysis and the relationship between the substrate structure and function of various glycosyl hydrolase components is not well understood. Consequently, limited success has been realized in maximizing sugar yields at very low cost. This review highlights literature on the impact of key substrate and enzyme features that influence performance, to better understand fundamental strategies to advance enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass for biologica...