Dark Atoms of the Universe: towards OHe nuclear physics

• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1011.4586
• Publication Date: 2010-01-01
• Authors: Maxim Yu. Khlopov; A. G. Mayorov; E. Yu. Soldatov
• Keywords: Yukawa potential; Isoscalar; Nuclear force; Nuclear binding energy

The nonbaryonic dark matter of the Universe is assumed to consist new stable particles. A specific case possible, when particles bear ordinary electric charge and bind in heavy "atoms" by Coulomb interaction. Such possibility severely restricted constraints on anomalous isotopes light elements that form positively charged species with electrons. trouble avoided, if $X^{--}$ -2 are excess over their antiparticles (with +2) there no charges +1 -1. Then primordial helium, formed Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, captures all neutral O-helium (OHe). Schrodinger equation for system nucleus OHe considered reduced an relative motion a spherically symmetrical potential, Yukawa tail nuclear scalar isoscalar attraction acting He beyond nucleus, dipole repulsion between at small distances surfaces nucleus. values coupling strength mass $\sigma$-meson, mediating rather uncertain. Within these uncertainties approximation rectangular potential wells wall we find range parameters, which sodium nuclei have few keV binding energy OHe. result also strongly depend precise value parameter $d_o$ determines size nuclei. At reproducing DAMA results, OHe-nucleus bound states can exist only intermediate nuclei, thus excluding direct comparison results detectors, containing very (e.g. $^3He$) (like Xe).