Generalization of the Nested Wilson Loop Formalism in Topological Dirac Semimetals with Higher-order Fermi Arcs

• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2308.07137
• Publication Date: 2023-01-01
• Authors: Hui Zeng; Wenhui Duan; Huaqing Huang
• Keywords: Formalism (music)

We generalize the nested Wilson loop formalism, which has been playing an important role in study of topological quadrupole insulators, to two-dimensional (2D) and 3D nonsymmorphic materials with higher-order topology. In particular, certain Dirac semimetals exhibit 1D Fermi arc (HOFA) states localizing on hinges where two surfaces meet connecting projection bulk points. discover that generalized Berry phase (gNBP) derived from this formalism is indicator determining existence/absence HOFAs, revealing a direct bulk-hinge correspondence semimetals. Finally, we NaCuSe KMgBi based first-principles calculations explicitly show change gNBP adjacent point corresponds termination HOFAs at points hinge. Our findings not only improve understanding but also provide general for studying topology systems.