Lensed Type Ia Supernova "Encore" at z=2: The First Instance of Two Multiply-Imaged Supernovae in the Same Host Galaxy

• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2404.02139
• Publication Date: 2024-04-02
• Authors: Justin Pierel; Andrew B. Newman; Suhail Dhawan; Minfeng Gu; Bhavin Joshi; T. Li; S. Schuldt; Louis-Gregory Str...; S. H. Suyu; G. B. Caminha; Seth H. Cohen; J. M. Diego; Jordan C. J. D’Silva; S. Ertl; Brenda Frye; G. Granata; C. Grillo; Anton M. Koekemoer; Jennifer I-Hsiu Li; A. S. G. Robotham; Jake Summers; Tommaso Treu; Rogier A. Windhorst; Adi Zitrin; Shrihan Agarwal; Abhishek Agrawal; Nikki Arendse; Sirio Belli; C. R. Burns; R. Cañameras; Sukanya Chakrabarti; W. Chen; T. E. Collett; D. A. Coulter; Richard S. Ellis; Michael Engesser; Nicholas Foo; Ori D. Fox; C. Gall; Nikhil Garuda; Suvi Gezari; Sebastián Gómez; Karl Glazebrook; J. Hjorth; Xingxing Huang; Saurabh W. Jha; Patrick Kamieneski; Patrick L. Kelly; Conor Larison; Leonidas A. Moust...; Massimo Pascale; I. Pérez-Fournón; T. Petrushevska; F. Poidevin; A. Rest; Melissa Shahbandeh; A. J. Shajib; M. R. Siebert; Christopher Storfer; Michael S. Talbot; Q. Daniel Wang; T. Wevers; Y. Zenati
• Keywords: Type Ia supernovae; Hubble constant; Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); Gravitational lensing; Cosmology; Type Ia supernovae; Supernovae; Galaxy clusters; Gravitational lensing; FOS: Physical sciences; Galaxy clusters; Astrophysics; Cosmology; QB460-466; Supernovae; 5101 Astronomical Sciences; supernova; James Webb Space Telescope; info:eu-repo/classification/udc/52; 51 Physical Sciences; Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics

A bright ($m_{\rm F150W,AB}$=24 mag), $z=1.95$ supernova (SN) candidate was discovered in JWST/NIRCam imaging acquired on 2023 November 17. The SN is quintuply-imaged as a result of strong gravitational lensing by foreground galaxy cluster, detected three locations, and remarkably the second lensed found same host galaxy. previous called "Requiem", therefore new named "Encore". This makes MACS J0138.0$-$2155 cluster first known system to produce more than one multiply-imaged SN. Moreover, both Requiem Encore are Type Ia SNe (SNe Ia), making this most distant case hosting two Ia. Using parametric fitting, we determine probability detecting over $\sim10$ year window be $\approx3\%$. These observations have potential yield Hubble Constant ($H_0$) measurement with $\sim10\%$ precision, only third capable such result, using visible images Both fourth image that expected appear within few years $\sim2030$, providing an unprecedented baseline for time-delay cosmography.