Ideas and Requirements for the Global Cosmic-Ray Observatory (GCOS)

• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2502.05657
• Publication Date: 2025-01-01
• Authors: Ahlers, Markus; Allekotte, Ingo; Alvarez-Muniz, Jaime; Anastasi, Gioacch...; Anchordoqui, Luis; Anjos, Rita de Ca...; Balakrishnan, Har...; Batista, Rafael A...; Bellido, Jose; Bertaina, Mario; Bhatnagar, Sonali; Billoir, Pierre; Bismark, Kathrin; Bister, Teresa; Bohacova, Martina; Bonifazi, Carla; Bradfield, Fraser; Castellina, Anton...; Cazon, Lorenzo; Cheminant, Kevin ...; Coleman, Alan; Convenga, Fabio; Veberič, Darko; Dasgupta, Paramita; Daumiller, Kai; Dawson, Bruce; Deval, Luca; Engel, Ralph; Eser, Johannes; Fang, Ke; Farrar, Glennys R.; Fedynitch, Anatoli; Fenu, Francesco; Fitoussi, Thomas; Flaggs, Benjamin; Fodran, Tomas; Fujii, Toshihiro; Fujita, Keitaro; Garzelli, Maria V...; Globus, Noemie; Goksu, Hazal; Gou, Quanbu; Hahn, Steffen; Hariharan, Balakr...; Haungs, Andreas; Higuchi, Ryo; Hnatyk, Bohdan; Hörandel, Jörg; Huege, Tim; Ikeda, Daisuke; Ikkatai, Yuko; Mariş, Ioana; Isar, Gina; James, Robin; Carvalho Jr, Wash...; Kaderi, Yunos El; Kadler, Matthias; Kampert, Karl-Heinz; Kang, Donghwa; Khakurdikar, Abha; Kido, Eiji; Kleifges, Matthias; Koirala, Ramesh; Kong, Chuizheng; Koyama, C.; Krizmanic, John; Kulshrestha, Shivam; Kungel, Viktoria; Leszczyńska, Agni...; Liu, Ruoyu; Luce, Quentin; Marchenko, Volodymyr; Mariazzi, Analisa; di Matteo, Armando; Matthews, John N.; Mayotte, Eric; Mazur, Peter; Meli, Athina; Menjo, Hiroaki; Montanet, François; Müller, Ana Laura; Murase, Kohta; Muzio, Marco; Nellen, Lukas; Niechciol, Marcus; Nitz, David; Nonaka, Toshiyuki; Ogio, Shoichi; Ohira, Yutaka; Oikonomou, Foteini; Olinto, Angela V; Oshima, Hitoshi; Oueslati, Rami; Paudel, Ek Narayan; Paul, Thomas; Pawlowsky, Jannis; Payeras, Allan Ma...; Pelgrims, Vincent; Perrone, Lorenzo; Pont, Bjarni; Porcelli, Alessio; Rautenberg, Julian; Riehn, Felix; Risse, Markus; Roth, Markus; Saftoiu, Alexandra; Sako, Takashi; Sakurai, Shunsuke; Salamida, Francesco; Sánchez, Juan Ant...; Santangelo, Andrea; Santos, Eva; Sarazin, Fred; Schäfer, Christoph; Scherini, Viviana; Schieler, Harald; Schmidt, David; Schoorlemmer, Harm; Schroeder, Frank; Sergijenko, Olga; Shin, H. S.; Soldin, Dennis; Suarez-Duran, Mau...; Takahashi, Kaoru; Takeda, Masahiro; Tameda, Yuichiro; Tkachenko, Olena; Tomida, Takayuki; Travnicek, Petr; Unger, Michael; Urban, Federico; Venters, Tonia; Verzi, Valerio; Vicha, Jakub; van Vliet, Arjen; Watson, Alan A.; Yushkov, Alexey; Zapparrata, Orazio; Zhang, Pengfei
• Keywords: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); FOS: Physical sciences; Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics; Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena; Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)

48 pages, 27 figures<br/>After a successful kick-off meeting in 2021. two workshops in 2022 and 2023 on the future Global Cosmic-Ray Observatory (GCOS) focused mainly on a straw man design of the detector and science possibilities for astro- and particle physics. About 100 participants gathered for in-person and hybrid panel discussions. In this report, we summarize these discussions, present a preliminary straw-man design for GCOS and collect short write-ups of the flash talks given during the focus sessions.<br/>