Outcomes after Total Hip Arthroplasty in Young Patients with Osteonecrosis of the Hip

• DOI: 10.5301/hipint.5000457
• Publication Date: 2017-02-17T10:38:53Z
• Authors: Ishaan Swarup; Marisa Shields; Erik N. Mayer; Chelsea J. Hendow; Jayme C. Burket; Mark P. Figgie
• Keywords: Male; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; Graft Survival; Osteonecrosis; Prosthesis Failure; 3. Good health; Radiography; 03 medical and health sciences; Treatment Outcome; 0302 clinical medicine; Risk Factors; Humans; Female; Hip Joint; Hip Prosthesis; Patient Reported Outcome Measures; Postoperative Period; Prospective Studies; Follow-Up Studies; Forecasting; Retrospective Studies

Background Osteonecrosis of the hip is a clinical, radiographic, and pathologic entity that commonly affects young patients. This study evaluates long-term implant survival and patient-reported outcomes after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with osteonecrosis aged 35 or younger. Methods A retrospective study with prospective follow-up was conducted at a major academic medical center. Chart review was performed to identify young THA patients with osteonecrosis, and follow-up surveys were conducted to determine implant survival and patient-reported outcomes. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to evaluate implant survival, and the hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score (HOOS) was used to describe patient-reported outcomes. Results The study included 135 patients (204 THAs) with a mean time to follow-up of 14 years. In this group, 10-year implant survival was 86% and 20-year implant survival was 66%. Implant survival was longer in male patients (p = 0.02) and patients that were over the age of 25 at the time of surgery (p = 0.03). The mean HOOS scores at follow-up were 87 for pain, symptoms, and ADLs, and 77 for sports. All HOOS measures were lower in patients that underwent a revision THA, and HOOS-Pain and HOOS-Sport scores were lower in patients that were over the age of 25 at the time of surgery (p<0.05). Conclusions Young patients with osteonecrosis have good implant survival and long-term outcomes after THA. Patient factors and implant characteristics should be considered when predicting implant survival and outcomes after THA in young patients with osteonecrosis.