Adjuvant CCNU (Lomustine) and Prednisone Chemotherapy for Dogs With Incompletely Excised Grade 2 Mast Cell Tumors

• DOI: 10.5326/0450014
• Publication Date: 2014-09-15T16:20:55Z
• Authors: Kenji Hosoya; William C. Kisseb...; Francisco J. Alvarez; Ana Lara-Garcia; Gillian Beamer; Paul C. Stromberg; C. Guillermo Couto
• Keywords: Male; 0301 basic medicine; Medical Sciences; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; Medical Physiology; Mast-Cell Sarcoma; 03 medical and health sciences; Dogs; Lomustine; Medicine and Health Sciences; Cell Biology & Physiology; Animals; Dog Diseases; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Retrospective Studies; Neurosciences; Survival Analysis; Medical Cell Biology; 3. Good health; Medical Neurobiology; Prednisone; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Physiological Processes; Liver Failure; Neuroscience

The use of adjuvant 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU; lomustine) to treat incompletely excised canine mast cell tumors (MCTs) has not been evaluated. Medical records of 12 dogs with grade 2 MCT treated with incomplete surgical excision and adjuvant CCNU and prednisone chemotherapy were reviewed. Local recurrence rate, metastasis rate, and survival time were evaluated. None of the dogs developed local recurrence or regional/ distant metastases. Two dogs developed fatal liver failure. The 1- and 2-year progression-free rates of surviving dogs were 100% and 77%, respectively. Postoperative adjuvant CCNU appears to be a useful alternative to radiation therapy for incompletely excised canine cutaneous MCTs.