Sleep and Behavior in Cross-Fostering Rats: Developmental and Sex Aspects
Male
Sleep Wake Disorders
Adenosine
Behavior, Animal
Depression
Maternal Deprivation
Brain
Anxiety
Circadian Rhythm
Rats
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Animals
Female
Sleep Stages
Rats, Wistar
Stress, Psychological
DOI:
10.5665/sleep.6328
Publication Date:
2016-11-30T20:00:49Z
AUTHORS (6)
ABSTRACT
Adverse early-life events induce behavioral psychopathologies and sleep changes in adulthood. In order to understand the molecular level mechanisms by which the maltreatment modifies sleep, valid animal models are needed. Changing pups between mothers at early age (cross-fostering) may satisfyingly model adverse events in human childhood.Cross-fostering (CF) was used to model mild early-life stress in male and female Wistar rats. Behavior and BDNF gene expression in the basal forebrain (BF), cortex, and hypothalamus were assessed during adolescence and adulthood. Spontaneous sleep, sleep homeostasis, and BF extracellular adenosine levels were assessed in adulthood.CF rats demonstrated increased number of REM sleep onsets in light and dark periods of the day. Total REM and NREM sleep duration was also increased during the light period. While sleep homeostasis was not severely affected, basal level of adenosine in the BF of both male and female CF rats was lower than in controls. CF did not lead to considerable changes in behavior.Even when the consequences of adverse early-life events are not observed in tests for anxiety and depression, they leave a molecular mark in the brain, which can act as a vulnerability factor for psychopathologies in later life. Sleep is a sensitive indicator for even mild early-life stress.
SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL
Coming soon ....
REFERENCES (60)
CITATIONS (17)
EXTERNAL LINKS
PlumX Metrics
RECOMMENDATIONS
FAIR ASSESSMENT
Coming soon ....
JUPYTER LAB
Coming soon ....