Hospital‐acquired influenza in an Australian sentinel surveillance system

• DOI: 10.5694/mja12.11687
• Publication Date: 2013-04-15T00:59:54Z
• Authors: Nenad Macesic; Tom C Kotsimbos; Paul Kelly; Allen C Cheng
• Keywords: Adult; Adolescent; Keywords: influenza vaccine; oseltamivir; Comorbidity; communicable disease; community care; Antiviral Agents; ethnic g; cause of death; Immunocompromised Host; 03 medical and health sciences; Influenza, Human; Humans; sialidase inhibitor; controlled study; Enzyme Inhibitors; Child; coughing; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; child; Cross Infection; 0303 health sciences; Australian; controlled clinical trial; adult; article; Australia; Infant, Newborn; Infant; dyspnea; Drug Utilization; 3. Good health; Community-Acquired Infections; aged; comorbidity; Influenza Vaccines; adolescent; Child, Preschool; dialysis; Female

Objective: To review cases of nosocomial influenza and compare the epidemiology, clinical characteristics outcomes with community-acquired cases. Design, setting participants: Prospective case series adults hospitalised during April – November 2010 2011 using a hospital-based sentinel surveillance system. A was defined as polymerase chain reaction-confirmed where symptom onset more than 2 days after admission or, if this not known, date positive test 7 admission. Main outcome measures: Demographic, measures for patients compared admitted influenza. Results: In 2010–2011, 598 were detected, which 26 (4.3%) nosocomial. All had chronic comorbidities, 71.7% (410/572) (P = 0.001). Similar proportions (32.5%) (36.4%) occurred in vaccinated current season. Clinical findings at time enrolment did differ between two groups, similar rates fever, cough, chest pain dyspnoea. Compared cases, higher proportion received neuraminidase inhibitors within (38.5% v 15.9%; P 0.003). Admission to intensive care took place 21.3% 23.1% respectively. One death from patient end-stage respiratory disease. Conclusions: Nosocomial is uncommon but may be associated severe It partially preventable frequently have comorbidities vaccination recommended. Patients, particularly those high risk complications, their contacts (including health workers) should prevent