Spatial and temporal activity of wildlife on and surrounding cannabis farms

• DOI: 10.60102/stacks-24003
• Publication Date: 2024-07-06T19:18:37Z
• Authors: Phoebe Parker-Shames; Benjamin Goldstein; Justin Brashares

This study introduces a model to assess wildlife space use and activity patterns, demonstrated in the context of small-scale cannabis cultivation western United States. We examined local diel patterns at gradient distances active (<1 acre) private-land outdoor farms. used data from 149 cameras on surrounding eight farms Klamath-Siskiyou Ecoregion southern Oregon, collected between 2018–2019. Using single species occupancy analyses, we assessed how production influenced (defined here as use) detection combination detectability intensity) 13 wild one domestic animal our area. also developed multi-state models nine these degree nocturnality along production. found that 8 14 single-species responded presence either their or intensity use, 6 9 altered relation production, though responses for both were species-specific. Our results suggest three main types production: avoidance, attraction, mixed. Some (e.g., black-tailed deer) near less, became more nocturnal closer Other gray fox) increased farms, less Finally, some displayed behavioral tradeoffs California mountain quail), site-specific use. Additionally, development may trigger opposing larger smaller bodied animals, where such black bear deer become close but other nocturnal. The success modeling approach revealing nuanced land change highlights its potential utility evaluating novel disturbances informing mitigation measures.