Repeated losses of PRDM9-directed recombination despite the conservation of PRDM9 across vertebrates
Recombination, Genetic
0301 basic medicine
QH301-705.5
Science
Q
R
Xiphophorus
Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase
Recombination
Evolution, Molecular
Meiosis
03 medical and health sciences
Hotspot
Genomics and Evolutionary Biology
Vertebrates
Medicine
Animals
Biology (General)
PRDM9
DOI:
10.7554/elife.24133
Publication Date:
2017-06-06T12:00:13Z
AUTHORS (7)
ABSTRACT
Studies of highly diverged species have revealed two mechanisms by which meiotic recombination is directed to the genome—through PRDM9 binding or by targeting promoter-like features—that lead to dramatically different evolutionary dynamics of hotspots. Here, we identify PRDM9 orthologs from genome and transcriptome data in 225 species. We find the complete PRDM9 ortholog across distantly related vertebrates but, despite this broad conservation, infer a minimum of six partial and three complete losses. Strikingly, taxa carrying the complete ortholog of PRDM9 are precisely those with rapid evolution of its predicted binding affinity, suggesting that all domains are necessary for directing recombination. Indeed, as we show, swordtail fish carrying only a partial but conserved ortholog share recombination properties with PRDM9 knock-outs.
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