A potent human neutralizing antibody Fc-dependently reduces established HBV infections

0301 basic medicine Hepatitis B virus QH301-705.5 Science NTCP Antibodies, Viral Antiviral Agents Chemoprevention Mice 03 medical and health sciences Immunology and Inflammation antibody HBV Animals Humans Biology (General) Q R Antibodies, Monoclonal Hepatitis B Antibodies, Neutralizing 3. Good health Disease Models, Animal Treatment Outcome Fc receptor preS1 Medicine Immunotherapy Hepatitis Delta Virus effector function
DOI: 10.7554/elife.26738 Publication Date: 2017-09-14T17:00:13Z
ABSTRACT
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global health problem. Currently-available therapies are ineffective in curing chronic HBV infection. HBV and its satellite hepatitis D virus (HDV) infect hepatocytes via binding of the preS1 domain of its large envelope protein to sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP). Here, we developed novel human monoclonal antibodies that block the engagement of preS1 with NTCP and neutralize HBV and HDV with high potency. One antibody, 2H5-A14, functions at picomolar level and exhibited neutralization-activity-mediated prophylactic effects. It also acts therapeutically by eliciting antibody-Fc-dependent immunological effector functions that impose durable suppression of viral infection in HBV-infected mice, resulting in reductions in the levels of the small envelope antigen and viral DNA, with no emergence of escape mutants. Our results illustrate a novel antibody-Fc-dependent approach for HBV treatment and suggest 2H5-A14 as a novel clinical candidate for HBV prevention and treatment of chronic HBV infection.
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