Isolation and characterization of a novel lytic bacteriophage Pv27 with biocontrol potential against Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections in shrimp

• DOI: 10.7717/peerj.19421
• Publication Date: 2025-05-06T08:38:04Z
• Authors: Vu Thi Hien; Pham Thi Lanh; Thao Thi Phuong Pham; Khang Nam Tran; Nguyen Dinh Duy; Nguyen Thi Hoa; Nguyen Xuan Canh; Quang Huy Nguyen; Seil Kim; Dong Van Quyen
• Keywords: Lytic cycle; Myoviridae; Phage therapy; Multiplicity of infection

Background Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major disease-causing species of that pathogenic to both farmed shrimp and humans. With the increasing spread antibiotic-resistant V. strains, bacteriophages (or phages) are considered potential agents for biocontrol as an alternative antibiotics. In this study, bacteriophage capable lysing , named Pv27, was isolated, characterized, evaluated its control infections natural therapy. Methods Phage Pv27 isolated using double-layer agar technique morphology characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We further assessed host range specificity, optimal multiplicity infection (MOI), one-step growth kinetics, environmental stability under various pH temperature conditions. The inhibitory activity against in vitro . Finally, genomic analysis conducted through whole-genome sequencing, followed functional annotation open reading frames (ORFs) phylogenetic analysis. Results exhibited Myovirus-like morphology, icosahedral head (92.7 ± 2 nm) contractile tail (103 11 nm), belongs class Caudoviricetes. demonstrated high lytic cells, with short latent period approximately 25 minutes large burst size 112 plaque-forming units (PFU) per infected cell. phage displayed significant tolerance wide (from 3 11) remained heat-stable at temperatures up 60 °C 90 min. Genetically, possesses circular double-stranded DNA genome spanning 191,395 base pairs, G + C content 35% comprising 355 (ORFs). Remarkably, 23 tRNA genes were identified genome, while no associated antibiotic resistance, virulence, or lysogeny detected, suggesting valuable agent. from VIRIDIC, Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analyses revealed closely related two known phages, phiKT1024 phiTY18. Several enhanced competitiveness also including those encoding PhoH-like phosphate starvation-inducible protein endolysin. effectively lyses highlighting