In this correspondence, a generalization of rateless codes is proposed. The proposed provide unequal error protection (UEP). asymptotic properties these under the iterative decoding are investigated. Moreover, upper and lower bounds on maximum-likelihood (ML) probabilities finite-length LT Raptor for both equal schemes derived. Further, our work verified with simulations. Simulation results indicate that desirable UEP. We also note UEP property does not impose considerable drawback overall...

This correspondence introduces a framework to design and analyze low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes over nonuniform channels. We study LDPC for channels with noise distributions, rate-adaptive coding, unequal error protection. First, we propose technique volume holographic memory (VHM) systems which the distribution is nonuniform. show that proposed coding scheme has an easy procedure results in efficient memories. An important property of have low floor variable node degrees, while...

This article presents a branch of research where the use molecules to encode and transmit information among nanoscale devices (nanomachines) is investigated as bio-inspired viable solution realize nano-communication networks. Unlike traditional technologies, molecular communication radically new paradigm, which demands novel solutions, including identification naturally existing mechanisms, establishment foundations theory, or development architectures networking protocols for nanomachines....

Compared with static knowledge graphs, temporal graphs (tKG), which can capture the evolution and change of information over time, are more realistic general. However, due to complexity that notion time introduces learning rules, an accurate graph reasoning, e.g., predicting new links between entities, is still a difficult problem. In this paper, we propose TILP, differentiable framework for logical rules learning. By designing constrained random walk mechanism introduction operators, ensure...

This paper investigates decoding of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes over the binary erasure channel (BEC). We study iterative and maximum-likelihood (ML) LDPC on this channel. derive bounds ML BEC. then present an improved algorithm. The proposed algorithm has almost same complexity as standard decoding. However, it better performance. Simulations show that we can decrease error rate by several orders magnitude using also provide some graph-theoretic properties different algorithms BEC...

This paper first introduces an improved decoding algorithm for low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes over binary-input-output-symmetric memoryless channels. Then some fundamental properties of punctured LDPC are presented. It is proved that any ensemble codes, there exists a puncturing threshold. then rates R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> satisfying 0<R <R <1, with...

In diffusion-based molecular communications, messages can be conveyed via the variation in concentration of molecules medium. this paper, we intend to analyze achievable capacity transmission information from one node another a diffusion channel. We observe that because medium, channel possesses memory. then model memory by two-step Markov chain and obtain equations describing By performing numerical analysis, maximum rate for different levels transmitter power, i.e., molecule production rate.

A diffusion-based molecular communication system has two major components: the diffusion in medium, and ligand-reception. Information bits, encoded time variations of concentration molecules, are conveyed to receiver front through medium. The receiver, turn, measures molecules its vicinity order retrieve information. This is done via ligand-reception process. In this paper, we develop models study constraints imposed by sensing at side derive maximum rate which a ligand-receiver can receive...

Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks (DTNs) have been identified as one of the key areas in field wireless communication, wherein sparseness and delay are particularly high. They emerging a promising technology vehicular, planetary/interplanetary, military/tactical, disaster response, underwater satellite networks. DTNs characterized by large end-to-end communication latency lack path from source to its destination. These characteristics pose several challenges security DTNs. Especially,...

The design of biologically-inspired wireless communication systems using bacteria as the basic element system is initially motivated by a phenomenon called Quorum Sensing. Due to high randomness in individual behavior bacterium, reliable between two almost impossible. Therefore, we have recently proposed that population cluster considered bio node network capable molecular transmission and reception. This proposition enables us form out many unreliable bacteria. In this paper, study nodes...

This paper is eligible for the student award. Molecular communication between biological entities a new paradigm in communications. Recently, we studied molecular two nodes formed from synthetic bacteria. Due to high randomness behavior of bacteria, used population them each node. The reliability such systems depends on both maximum concentration molecules that transmitter node able produce at receiver as well number bacteria nodes. falls with distance which makes far nearly impossible. In...

Conventional embedding-based models approach event time prediction in temporal knowledge graphs (TKGs) as a ranking problem. However, they often fall short capturing essential relationships such order and distance. In this paper, we propose TEILP, logical reasoning framework that naturaly integrates elements into graph predictions. We first convert TKGs (TEKG) which has more explicit representation of term nodes the graph. The TEKG equips us to develop differentiable random walk prediction....

Over the last decade, tremendous growth in mobile Internet user population has been accompanied by an equally exciting evolution wireless data networks. However, quite understandably, distinctly characterized increasing degree of heterogeneity along several dimensions such as access technology, network model, device, and application requirements. This heterogeneity, turn, imposes a significant challenge on design protocol stack, leads to question: how can stack at host cater effectively...

Energy efficiency is a very critical consideration in the design of low cost sensor networks which typically have fairly node battery life. This raises need for providing periodic sleep cycles radios nodes. Keeping sensors state also implies that to sink communication incurs certain delays and there exists threshold on duty cycling delay be bounded, giving rise an upperbound lifetime network i.e., time until at least one able communicate its sensed data sink. paper aims establishing tight...

A molecular diffusion channel is a with memory, as molecules released into the medium hit receptors after random delay. Modulating over performed by choosing type, intensity, or time of diffused in environment time. Motivated desire to keep encoder and decoder simple fact that state information difficult obtain channels, we consider modulation schemes avoid intersymbol interference (ISI), wherein same type are at instances sufficiently far apart. This ensures previous transmission faded...

In this paper, we consider bacterial point-to-point and multiple-access molecular communications with ligand-receptors. For communication, investigate common signaling methods, namely, the level scenario, in which information is encoded into multiple concentration levels of a single molecule type, type bits are types each level. We tradeoffs two scenarios terms capacity. derive an upper bound on capacity using Binomial channel model symmetrized Kullback-Leibler divergence. A lower also...

In this paper, we present a learning scheme for Joint Source-Channel Coding (JSCC) over analog independent additive noise channels. We formulate the problem by showing that minimization loss function from rate-distortion theory, is upper bounded of Variational Autoencoder (VAE). show when source dimension greater than channel dimension, encoding two samples in neighborhood each other need not be near other. Such discontinuous projection needs to accounted using multiple encoders and...

In this paper, we address hypothesis testing in a distributed network of nodes, where each node has only partial information about the State World (SotW) and is tasked with determining which hypothesis, among given set, most supported by data available within node. However, due to node's limited perspective SotW, individual nodes cannot reliably determine independently. To overcome limitation, must exchange via an intermediate server. Our objective introduce novel lossy semantic...

In this paper, we study two problems of providing reliable data transmission and developing aggregation techniques for correlated in wireless sensor networks. A system with forward error correction (FEC) can provide an objective reliability while using less power than a without FEC. Because the additional parity bits encoding/decoding energy consumptions, effect FEC on efficiency. We propose to use LDPC codes show that networks are almost 45% more efficient those BCH codes, which were shown...

In this paper, we propose a scheme to construct low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes that are suitable for unequal error protection (UEP). We derive density evolution (DE) formulas the proposed protecting LDPC ensembles over binary erasure channel (BEC). Using DE formulas, optimize codes. For finite-length cases, compare our with some other codes, time-sharing method, and previous work on UEP using Simulation results indicate superiority of design methodology

In this paper, we introduce the first application of belief propagation algorithm in design and evaluation trust reputation management systems. We approach problem as an inference describe it computing marginal likelihood distributions from complicated global functions many variables. However, observe that probability is computationally prohibitive for large-scale Therefore, propose to utilize efficiently (in linear complexity) compute these distributions; resulting a fully iterative...