The impact of nitrogen (N) deposition on the soil N-transforming process in grasslands necessitates further investigation into how N input influences structural composition and diversity N-cycling microbial communities across different grassland types.

Abstract Background The forest-steppe ecotone, a critical transition zone sensitive to global change, faces increasing nitrogen deposition. However, the interplay between conversion processes and soil enzyme activity remains unclear. We investigated effects of addition on plant nutrient dynamics, microbial functional genes, in northwest Liaoning, China. Results Nitrogen significantly increased leaf content Potentilla tanacetifolia (peak under N40) Artemisia frigida N40), while Lespedeza...

Soil microbial communities are critical in regulating grassland biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem functions, but the mechanisms of how environmental factors affect changes structural composition diversity soil different types is not fully understood northwest Liaoning, China. We investigated characteristics drivers bacterial fungal 4 with 11 sites across this region using high-throughput Illumina sequencing. Actinobacteria Ascomycota were dominant phyla communities, respectively, their...

Nutrient addition can affect the structure and diversity of grassland plant communities, thus alter productivity. Studies on community composition, in response to nutrient have an important theoretical practical significance for scientific management grassland, protection recovery degraded grassland. A randomized block design experiment was conducted with six blocks eight treatments each: control (no addition) K, P, N, PK, NK, NP, NPK addition. We evaluated height, coverage, density,...

As nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is one of the most important greenhouse gases, N O emission pathways and regulation techniques in soils with different vegetation types have become a research focus. Currently, diverse array exists on emissions from types, e.g., forest, grassland, agriculture. Few studies investigated microbial processes lawn soils. Fertilization levels are often similar to or much higher than those agricultural ecosystems, thus fertilized an source atmospheric O. In study, we...

Using the nonequilibrium Green's function technique, spin-related Andreev tunneling through a double quantum-dot device attached to ferromagnetic and superconducting leads in presence of Rashba spin-orbit interaction is explored. We derive general formulas currents, which provide an insight into reflection. Our study demonstrates that spin-polarized reflection can be achieved, even pure spin injection may realized via coupling Zeeman field. The currents show interesting step-like behaviors...

The chiral-induced spin selectivity effect is of fundamental importance in further understanding the thermospin transport double-strand-DNA (dsDNA) molecules. Here we propose a hybrid dsDNA-based thermoelectric device made chiral dsDNA molecule coupled to normal-metal and superconducting leads for exploring spin-dependent thermoelectricity. We give comparison responses system quantum dot presence superconductivity, find that former does not rely on external means break particle-hole symmetry...

Soil salinity is well known heterogeneous and various within natural soil environment. In Songnen grassland of Northeast China, grazing aggravates the saline-alkali heterogeneity in habitat, which led to dominant clonal plant species forming a variety adaptive strategies. However, based on previous studies morphological plasticity integration plants, there was lack mechanism research spatial expansion strategy plants population subjected clipping patches. To address this knowledge gap, we...

Atmospheric nitrogen(N) deposition increased soil active N, and excessive N content led to the increase of ratio nitrogen phosphorus (N: P), which changed plant growth from limitation phosphorus(P) limitation. Potentilla is not only an important native greening material, but also a common diversity component in various grasslands China. Its population fluctuation process will affect species productivity grassland ecosystem. Potting experiment was conducted for 2 years with tanacetifolia ,...

Continuous nitrogen deposition increases the content of terrestrial ecosystems and alters soil cycling process. Invasive plants have strong environmental adaptability, which can not only affect composition diversity microbial community but also significantly transformation process nitrogen, leading to successful invasion. Currently, research on invasive plant mainly focused changes in nutrients microorganisms. As an annual grass weed with ecological impact Cenchrus spinifex at different...

Spin selectivity in double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) molecules is unambiguously linked to their intrinsic chirality. Nevertheless, how the chiral-induced spin (CISS) effect dsDNA influences spin-dependent thermoelectricity needs be understood well, comprehend relationship between and heat transport. To this end, authors explore Seebeck of a chiral dsDNA-based magnetic junction, elucidate underlying physics relevant CISS by means linear-response theory nonequilibrium Green's functions. Their...

Using the nonequilibrium green's function method, electronic transport through a triple quantum dot system due to Andreev reflections (AR) is investigated theoretically. By adjusting systematic parameters, such as interdot coupling and side-coupled dots' levels, we find that AR conductance shows Dicke effect in optics, which transition from subradiant state superradiant (and vice versa) takes place, transmission has symmetric relation electron-hole symmetry. The property of current versus...

By employing the nonequilibrium Green's function technique, we study thermal-induced spin-Seebeck transport through a chiral double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) connected to normal-metal and ferromagnetic lead. How main parameters of dsDNA-based system influence is analyzed at length, thermally created charge (spin-related) current displays rectification effect negative differential thermal conductance feature. More importantly, spin exhibits behavior effect; even perfect can be obtained with null...

We investigate the magnetic, thermoelectric transport, and photogalvanic effect (PGE) properties of two nano-devices based on sawtooth edged graphene nanoribbons (SGNRs). It is found that a robust spin-semiconducting property exists in SGNRs. When SGNRs are arranged configuration, large spin Seebeck coefficient obtained, indicating high under temperature difference. In addition, we also propose new spatial inversion symmetry nano-device, which constructed by head to semi-infinite...

How to characterize the electron-vibration interactions at single-molecule level is a fundamental challenge of molecular electronics. Electron tunneling spectroscopy has so far emerged as one powerful tools for witnessing vibration-mediated electron transport process, while fluctuation properties nonthermal vibrations cannot be revealed by simple signatures. Here, we study in current-carrying single junction with or without an external laser radiation. Without drive, fluctuations sub- and...

Introduction Continuous nitrogen deposition increases the content of terrestrial ecosystem and affects geochemical cycle soil nitrogen. Forest-grassland ecotone is interface area forest grassland sensitive to global climate change. However, structure composition diversity microbial communities their relationship with environmental factors at increasing have not been sufficiently studied in forest-grassland ecotone. Methods In this study, experiments were carried out four addition treatments...

Abstract: The nonlinear dissipation heat devices are proposed by means of generalizing the low-dissipation to quadratic order case. dimensionless formulas output (input) power and efficiency (coefficient performance) for engines (refrigerators) derived in terms characteristic parameters dimensional analysis. Based on trade-off criterion, optimal performance is discussed depth, some system-specific properties under optimization also uncovered. Our results may provide practical insight...

We investigate the performance at a given power of thermoelectric heat engine with broken time-reversal symmetry, and derive analytically efficiency generator within linear irreversible thermodynamics. A universal bound on is achieved under strong constraint Onsager coefficients, some interesting features are further revealed. Our results demonstrate that there exists trade-off between output, may surpass Curzon-Ahlborn limit due to symmetry. Moreover, optimal can be achieved, which...