This article presents an optimal direct torque control (DTC) strategy with variable flux for a switched reluctance motor using the improved linear active disturbance rejection (LADRC) plus hybrid optimization algorithm (HOA). First, constant amplitude is substituted by DTC (VF-DTC) to reduce ripple. Then, LADRC extended state observer applied in speed controller utilized instead of conventional PI improve observer, antidisturbance ability, and robustness. Moreover, HOA employed search...

This article represents modified model reference adaptive system (MRAS) method for speed sensorless control of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), which can estimate rotor and position information. To suppress the adverse effect parameter variation on performance, stator resistance flux linkage are estimated continuously updated in adjustable model. Then, proportional-integral (PI) controller parameters law obtained by MRAS optimized gray wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm....

The fuel economy of hybrid electric vehicles is very closely associated with the energy management strategy (EMS). In this paper, a practicality-oriented adaptive EMS for parallel bus presented, which combines neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and equivalent consumption minimization (ECMS). Considering regular fixed route city bus, optimal control trajectories can be attained by dynamic programming in advance. Using rolling optimization method, group factors extracted from aforementioned...

This paper proposes a model predictive current control (MPCC) compensation method based on virtual voltage vectors for single-phase open-circuit faults of an asymmetric six-phase permanent magnet synchronous hub motor (PMHSM). The proposed strategy adopts the normal vector space to decompose transformation matrix without reconfiguring controller topology. By analyzing difference between phase and state health, disturbance term prediction in α-β x-y subspaces is obtained. 64 are obtained from...

Switched reluctance motors (SRMs) have attracted much attention in industry due to the advantages of low cost, robust structure, high fault tolerance and torque density. However, several disadvantages like ripples coil temperatures hinder their industrialization for some applications requiring dynamic performance, electric vehicles (EVs). In this paper, a multiobjective multiphysics design optimization method considering both thermal electromagnetic performance is presented 12/10 SRM. First,...

Due to the increasing demand for high-speed motors with high stability, bearingless have attracted much attention. Bearingless permanent magnet synchronous (BPMSMs) are a kind of motor, which uses suspension force eliminate motor bearings. This article proposes five-phase BPMSM 10 slots and 8 poles. Based on principle BPMSM, an analytical expression is derived proposed BPMSM. To improve stability torque, optimization method consisting response surface model multiobjective algorithm employed....

In this article, a compensated deadbeat predictive current control (CDPCC) based on composite sliding mode disturbance observer (CSMDO) is proposed in response to the detrimental disturbance. Above all, parameter variation and external load change are regarded as lumped build PMSM mathematical model. Based model, CSMDO constructed estimate both speed loops. Then, estimated disturbances applied compensations for double loops increase robustness tracking accuracy. Furthermore, voltage space...

This article presents a new scheme to extract the rotor position angle of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors using high-frequency signal injection method with an iterative strategy. An strategy based on binary principle is proposed reduce computational burden discrete angles. These angles are obtained from space, which divided into several separate sectors and employed calculate defined cost function that generates optimal angle. With number iterations increasing, accuracy search...

A hybrid control strategy based on torque sharing function (TSF) and sliding mode is proposed for switched reluctance motor (SRM), which can obtain smaller ripple higher dynamic response speed. The conventional cosine-type TSF effectively reduce the of SRM at low speed, but there will be insufficient tracking high In order to improve suppression capability a new controller (NSMC) designed, achieve faster system speed robustness. final experimental results confirm effectiveness method.

Vehicle fuel economy is greatly influenced by the driver's driving style. To achieve remarkable promotion in economy, a novel predictive energy management strategy (EMS) with strong adaptability to styles presented for plug-in hybrid electric buses (PHEBs) this article. First, combined unsupervised and supervised algorithm style identification devised based on instant conditions. In algorithm, multidimensional Gaussian distribution (MGD)-based analysis factors influencing provides valuable...

The plug-in hybrid electric bus (PHEB) is an important means of public transportation. For PHEB, this article proposes energy management strategy that considers both gear shift control and power splitting. control, a large number gear-switching data under different working conditions are calculated by using the dynamic programming algorithm. neural network trained these in offline part so it can provide appropriate signal time online model. power-split mainly selects improved equivalent fuel...

Nowadays, a growing interest is in improving the efficiency of parallel hybrid electric bus. In this article, we propose an adaptive energy management strategy (EMS) based on equivalent consumption minimization (ECMS) by using real-time traffic information described average speed, acceleration, and standard deviation speed for different road sections. The whole system consists offline online components. Three velocity characteristic parameters are derived utilizing data from vehicle. First,...

Energy management strategies determine how much energy is consumed by the engine and electric motor of plug-in hybrid buses (PHEBs), which represent critical fuel-saving technologies. In this study, a model predictive control (MPC) method with estimation distribution algorithm (EDA) as solver proposed to optimize flow PHEBs. Inspired recursive mechanism, short-term velocity prediction achieved based on Markov chain online updates greatly improve accuracy. Then, energy-flow problem PHEBs...

With the increasingly widespread application of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), it is required that PMSM can still maintain high efficiency and reliability in complex environments. Due to nonlinearity PMSMs influence external disturbances, its precise control a challenge. As modern scheme, sliding mode improve drive system. It has been successfully applied become hot spot motor This paper provides an overview current research status strategies based on introduces design...

This paper proposes a new position sensorless method for switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive control based on sliding mode observer using nonlinear Fourier flux linkage model. First, to obtain an accurate mathematical model of SRM establishment (SMPO), analytical polynomial function is introduced regress the relationship between linkage, and current. Then, SMPO designed in detail estimate rotor position, including observer, analysis estimation error convergence conditions SMPO. Finally,...

In recent years, the improvement of fuel economy in power-split hybrid electric buses (PS-HEBs) has emerged as a prominent subject discussion. This article introduces system-level optimization (SLO) that relies on collection road information. The control strategy is categorized into online and offline parts. First, speed information throughout entire driving process obtained by integrating global positioning system with real-time vehicle map data. Subsequently, K-means clustering method...

In order to break the bottleneck of integer-order transfer function in vehicle ISD (inerter-spring-damper) suspension design, a positive real synthesis design method mechatronic based on fractional-order biquadratic is proposed. The emergence components disrupts equivalence relationship between passivity and realness functions traditional networks. this paper, condition given. Then, quarter dynamic model established, parameters are obtained by an NSGA-II multi-objective genetic algorithm....

This study proposes an outer‐rotor permanent magnet synchronous hub motor (PMSHM) with similar pole and slot numbers for electric vehicle (EV). First, the design rule of size is introduced. Second, appropriate poles slots are selected to improve torque density save radial space motor. Meanwhile, can ensure that high‐efficiency area meets requirements test EV. Moreover, different winding arrangements studied select arrangement method Then, key dimensions stator optimised output reduce core...

This article presents a sensorless control for the permanent-magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) under energy-feeding mode in vehicle regenerative suspension. The proposed method is based on multiple-iterative search algorithm to obtain limited quantity of mover position signals (electrical angle) precisely, which are utilized observe d-axis back electromotive force (EMF). Then, optimal signal selected from estimated restrained by cost function applied multiple-iteration algorithm....

The plug-in hybrid electric bus (PHEB) is a relatively common new energy for urban use. In this article, to achieve the purpose of adaptive real-time optimization fuel economy, novel management strategy (EMS) proposed predict battery state charge (SOC) and optimize equivalent factor combined with an consumption minimization (A-ECMS). For accuracy prediction, <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math...

This paper investigates the collaborative optimization of a plug-in hybrid electric bus (PHEB) under uncertainty. As public transport vehicle, long-term stable fuel economy is important. However, many previous studies on PHEB started from deterministic frameworks and ignored uncertainty in operation, leading to high driving cost. In view issues, this considers uncertainties operation practice such as fluctuation resistance coefficient, passenger load errors power source efficiency. A robust...