We develop a new ray mapping approach to address the surface error and hot spot issues in designing freeform total internal reflection (TIR) lens for nonrotational uniform illumination. Our proposed partitions source intensity distribution peripheral regions using traditional spherical coordinate system design TIR surfaces central modified refractive surface. This method will reduce current methods, therefore improving illumination uniformity significantly. In addition, designed with this is...

Automotive head-up display (HUD), a typical application in augmented reality (AR), has gained popularity recent years. In this paper, we propose novel design configuration of freeform off-axis three-mirror systems for automotive (HUD) application. the configuration, image source, flat mirror, and mirror are allocated on same horizontal level to guarantee compact structure as well make optical elements easy be assembled. The whole philosophy procedure, including analytic method determine...

Manipulating flux transportation of optical fields holds great promise across various kinds applications, encompassing laser micro-processing, trapping, microscopic imaging, and illumination engineering. In recent decades, freeform optics, lauded for its capacity to efficiently control the wavefronts beams with high design freedom, has garnered significant attention as a potent tool shaping light. Nevertheless, predominant focus in current research centered on development elements (FOEs)...

The freeform imaging system is playing a significant role in developing an optical for the automotive heads-up display (HUD), which typical application of augmented reality (AR) technology. There exists strong necessity to develop automated design algorithms HUDs due its high complexity multi-configuration caused by movable eyeballs as well various drivers' heights, correcting additional aberrations introduced windshield, variable structure constraints originated from automobile types,...

The miniaturization and integration increment of silicon-based optoelectronic devices have placed greater demands on surface cleaning technologies. Carbon dioxide snow technology achieves through jets formed by the coexistence solid, liquid, gaseous phases CO₂ . Solid particles sublimate expand, impacting contaminants, causing them to detach from surface. effect liquid relies its ability dissolve organic pollutants adhesion force contaminants. Gaseous carries away dislodged This...

In the simulation of partially coherent light propagation within optical systems utilizing Wigner function, constraints imposed by Fourier transform necessitate that dimensions input and output matrices remain congruent. Consequently, extent image plane is dictated source matrix distance. For greater complexity, such simulations are highly memory-intensive. This paper innovatively incorporates displacement theorem chirp z-transform integrates it with function. approach affords enhanced...

This paper proposes an enhanced TransFormer-based algorithm for key-frame action recognition in basketball shooting. The research addresses the challenges of accurate temporal localization and feature extraction complex environments through architectural innovations deep learning models. proposed approach integrates a multi-scale fusion mechanism with improved spatio-temporal attention structure, enabling robust shooting actions across varying conditions. A novel position encoding scheme is...

This paper proposes an enhanced TransFormer-based algorithm for key-frame action recognition in basketball shooting. The research addresses the challenges of accurate temporal localization and feature extraction complex environments through architectural innovations deep learning models. proposed approach integrates a multi-scale fusion mechanism with improved spatio-temporal attention structure, enabling robust shooting actions across varying conditions. A novel position encoding scheme is...

We have developed a new method to design freeform illumination optics by introducing double-pole coordinate system in ray mapping. This establishes much more accurate mapping moving the two poles of spherical southernmost point sphere and overlapping them together. It can reduce surface error improve uniformity significantly. The residual (RSE) lens designed is one magnitude smaller than that (θ,φ) only 1/3 (u,v) system.

We propose a method to design double smooth freeform surfaces applied in beam shaping with ray mapping the paper. couple calculation of and construction approach surface normal field integrability condition based on symplectic flow scheme. In this paper, incident wavefront is not limited be planar or spherical. Several challenging examples are presented that include transforming circular Gaussian an unconventional variously shaped contour, elliptic convergent complex irradiance distribution...

We consider here creation of an unconventional flattop beam with a large depth field by employing double freeform optical surfaces. The output is designed continuous variations from the to almost zero near edges resist influence diffraction on its propagation. solve this challenging problem naturally incorporating optimal transport map computation scheme for boundary conditions simultaneous point-by-point surface construction procedure. demonstrate experimentally generation long-range...

Freeform illumination design for extended sources is a very challenging but rewarding issue that can benefit wide range of systems. Here, we propose method achieve compact and highly efficient lenses by deconvolving the blur caused extent from light sources. We combine calculation with mathematical model spatially variant convolution develop direct computational scheme to calculate kernel without approximations. Two examples high optical performances are presented demonstrate effectiveness...

Abstract China is planning to construct a new space-borne gravitational-wave (GW) observatory, the TianQin project, in which spaceborne telescope an important component laser interferometry. The aimed transmit beams between spacecrafts for measurement of displacements proof-masses long arms. should have ultra-small wavefront deviation minimize noise caused by pointing error, ultra-stable structure optical path temperature jitter, ultra-high stray light suppression ability eliminate...

In this paper, we propose an efficient and robust approach to retrieve optimal first-order design of a double-sided telecentric zoom lens based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. method, problem is transformed realize system with fixed positions both front focal point rear during zooming. Equations are derived for paraxial basic parameters three-component in framework geometrical optics. We implement PSO algorithm MATLAB some test cases verify feasibility. As computational...

High throughput optical system is defined to possess the features of both large field view (FOV) and high resolution. However, it full challenge design such a telescope with two conflicting specifications at same time. In this paper, we propose method based on classical off-axis Three-Mirror Anastigmat (TMA) configuration by introducing scanning mechanism. We derive optimum initial for TMA no primary aberrations through characteristic ray tracing. During process, real exit pupil necessitated...

Freeform illumination optics design with extended light sources to realize an accurate control is very important, but still remains a challenging issue. Here, we propose new method compact and efficient freeform lenses for sources. We employ localized surface strategy directly modify the redistribute rays emitted from LED source in desired manner. By combination of basic radiometry calculation backward ray tracing, obtain irradiance distribution on target plane estimate be modified. The...