Snow properties and their changes are crucial to better understanding of hydrological processes, soil thermal regimes, surface energy balances. Reliable data information on snow depth water equivalent (SWE) also for resource assessments socio-economic development at local regional scales. However, these extremely limited unreliable in northern Xinjiang, China. This study thus aims investigate spatial variations depth, SWE, density based winter snowfield surveys during 2015 through 2017 the...

Advances in snow-cover mapping techniques have resulted more accurate estimation of fractional snow cover (FSC) areas with no vegetation; however, vegetation interference limits the accuracy available information from satellite observations. The aim this study was to develop a robust and enhanced FSC-retrieval algorithm using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) surface reflectance data for vegetated areas. experiments were conducted North America, where is complex...

In this study, the global land surface albedo namely GAC43 was retrieved for years 1979 to 2020 using Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) area coverage (GAC) data onboard National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Meteorological Operational (MetOp) satellites. We provide a comprehensive retrieval process of albedo, followed by assessment against in situ measurements three widely used satellite-based products, third edition CM SAF cLoud, Albedo RAdiation (CLARA-A3),...

Ice crevasses are pervasive features across the Arctic and Antarctic ice sheets. These deep, open fractures in surface serve as critical conduits for transporting meltwater into englacial system, significantly impacting sheet hydrology stability. Accurate mapping of spatial temporal distribution is vital advancing our understanding dynamics their evolution. Remote sensing technology provides a robust platform to achieve this purpose, while rapid advancement machine learning algorithms offers...

A comprehensive and hemispheric-scale snow cover depth analysis is a prerequisite for all related processes interactions investigation on regional global surface energy water balance, weather climate, hydrological processes, resources. However, such studies were limited by the lack of data products and/or valid retrieval algorithms. The overall objective this study to investigate variation characteristics across Northern Hemisphere from 1992 2016. We developed long-term daily (NHSnow)...

Abstract Insufficient understanding of complex Arctic cloud properties introduced large errors in estimating radiant energy balance parameters at the regional and global scales. Comprehensive reliable information is necessary for improving accuracy flux inversion. This study evaluated daytime fraction (CF) uncertainties from 16 available satellite products estimated spatiotemporal distributions CF during 2000–19. Our results show that differences among multiple had significant temporal...

The abundance of remote sensing imagery available has been extensively used for mapping snow cover extent in mountainous regions. However, previous studies have paid little attention to quantifying the uncertainties inherent algorithms when using Landsat observations, particularly context delineating snowline—a pivotal parameter understanding spatiotemporal dynamics cover. Additionally, there is an urgent need automated processing approach capable monitoring alpine snowline across expansive...

Abstract. The dynamic characteristics of seasonal snow cover are critical for hydrology management, the climate system, and ecosystem functions. Optical satellite remote sensing has proven to be an effective tool monitoring global regional variations in cover. However, accurately capturing dynamics at a finer spatiotemporal resolution continues problematic as observations from optical sensors greatly impacted by clouds solar illumination. Traditional methods mapping passive microwave data...

Accurate estimation of shortwave radiation in mountains will advance our knowledge climate change effects, especially on mountain ecosystems. Recently, some approaches have been developed to estimate parameters with satellite data, but few attempts were made understand the impacts digital elevation model (DEM) uncertainty estimates. Our study investigates such quantitatively clear-sky conditions at multiple spatial and temporal scales (30–3000 m, instantaneous daily). We employed a retrieval...

Because permafrost is extremely sensitive to climate change, it of great importance understand the relationship between and vegetation biomass. This study aims reveal impacts on above- belowground biomass northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Soil temperature, moisture, active-layer thickness, coverage, aboveground (AGB), (BGB), soil organic carbon were investigated in growing seasons during 2014–2016. The average AGB BGB 0.036 0.83 g cm−2, respectively. was significantly positively correlated...

Downward shortwave radiation (DSR) is critical to many surface processes, and satellite-derived DSR products have been released. Few studies validated over mountains where it highly heterogeneous so the flux measured at ground stations does not match kilometer-scale products. To tackle this challenge, we used a high spatial resolution (30 m) daily Sierra Nevada, Spain for 2008–2015, mountainous radiative transfer model explore how topographic effects impacted performances of Four widely-used...

Accurate quantification of snow cover facilitates the prediction snowmelt runoff, assessment freshwater availability, and analysis Earth's energy balance. Existing fractional (FSC) data, however, often suffer from limitations such as spatial temporal gaps, compromised accuracy, coarse resolution. These significantly hinder ability to monitor dynamics effectively. To address these formidable challenges, this study introduces a novel data fusion framework specifically designed generate...

Optical sensors are subject to cloud obscuration and sunlight dependence, resulting in large proportions of missing snow cover information. Microwave a good alternative monitoring all weather conditions. Thus far, few studies the literature have directly derived fractional (FSC) from passive microwave data, none considered relationship between FSC brightness temperature (TB). This study first explores FSC–TB with radiation transfer model, exhibiting that no generic function can properly...

Abstract. Snow cover is an effective best indicator of climate change due to its effect on regional and global surface energy, water balance, hydrology, climate, ecosystem function. We developed a long term Northern Hemisphere daily snow depth equivalent product (NHSnow) by the application support vector regression (SVR) retrieval algorithm historical passive microwave sensors from 1992 2016. The accuracies were evaluated against observed at meteorological stations along with other two...

Abstract. The surface shortwave cloud radiative effect (CRE) plays a critical role in modulating the Earth's energy balance and climate change. However, accurately quantifying CRE remains challenging due to significant uncertainties downwelling radiation (DSSR) parameter estimates, especially Arctic. This paper introduces novel approach that enhances accuracy of estimation by constructing computationally efficient, long-term gridded fraction kernels (GCF-CRKs) integrating refined DSSR...

Abstract. The low accuracy of satellite cloud fraction (CF) data over the Arctic seriously restricts accurate assessment regional and global radiative energy balance under a changing climate. Previous studies have reported that no individual CF product could satisfy needs spatio-temporal coverage simultaneously for long-term applications Arctic. Merging multiple products with complementary properties can provide an effective way to produce spatiotemporally complete record higher accuracy....

Rain-on-snow (ROS) events can cause rapid snowmelt, leading to flooding and avalanches in the pan-Arctic also lead starvation death of massive ungulates. Reanalysis products (e.g., ERA-I, ERA5-land, JRA55, MERRA2) are primary source data for research about ROS large-scale region. However, accuracy reliability reanalyses have never been evaluated with respect determination terrestrial events. The present study aims statistically evaluate performance reanalysis datasets identifying different...

Abstract. The low accuracy of satellite cloud fraction (CF) data over the Arctic seriously restricts accurate assessment regional and global radiative energy balance under a changing climate. Previous studies have reported that no individual CF product could satisfy needs spatiotemporal coverage simultaneously for long-term applications Arctic. Merging multiple products with complementary properties can provide an effective way to produce spatiotemporally complete record higher accuracy....

Abstract. Understanding the interactions between groundwater and surface water in permafrost regions is essential to understanding of flood frequencies river quality high latitude/altitude basins. The application heat tracing methods, based on oscillating streambed temperature signals, a promising geophysical method for identifying quantifying interactions. Analytical analysis one-dimensional convective-conductive transport equation combined with fiber-optic distributed sensing measurements...