A5075211174- Archaeology and Historical Studies
- Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Classical Antiquity Studies
- Archaeological Research and Protection
- Water management and technologies
- African Studies and Geopolitics
- Maritime and Coastal Archaeology
- African Studies and Ethnography
- Language, Linguistics, Cultural Analysis
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Heavy metals in environment
- Ancient Near East History
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Historical, Religious, and Philosophical Studies
- African history and culture analysis
- Eurasian Exchange Networks
- Ancient Egypt and Archaeology
- Archaeological and Historical Studies
- 3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage
- Global Maritime and Colonial Histories
- Politics and Conflicts in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Middle East
- Law, logistics, and international trade
- Historical and Architectural Studies
- Cultural Heritage Management and Preservation
University of Oxford
2012-2025
Oxford Archaeology
2005-2023
Trinity College Dublin
2023
University of Basel
2015
Northeast Catholic College
1997-2000
British School at Rome
2000
Significance An 1100 BCE to 800 CE record of estimated lead emissions based on continuous, subannually resolved, and precisely dated measurements pollution in deep Greenland ice atmospheric modeling shows that European closely varied with historical events, including imperial expansion, wars, major plagues. Emissions rose coeval Phoenician expansion accelerated during expanded Carthaginian Roman lead–silver mining primarily the Iberian Peninsula. fluctuated synchronously wars political...
Significance The first century BCE fall of the Roman Republic and Ptolemaic Kingdom subsequent rise Empire were among most important political transitions in history Western civilization. Volcanic fallout well-dated Arctic ice core records, climate proxies, Earth system modeling show that this transition occurred during an extreme cold period resulting from a massive eruption Alaska’s Okmok volcano early 43 BCE. Written sources describe unusual climate, crop failures, famine, disease, unrest...
This paper explores, in a very preliminary fashion, the relationship ancient world between design and use of mechanical technology, social or political patronage investment, economic return, using three main areas as case studies: water-lifting devices, water-powered grain mill, diverse uses water-power mining. The emphasis is on devices techniques which replaced human power with alternative sources, especially for driving machinery hydraulic mining employing erosive water. It argued that...
This paper examines the evidence for Saharan trade in Roman period light of recent fieldwork Libyan Sahara by Fazzan Project and Desert Migrations Italian Mission Acacus. The results these projects suggest that between world communities was substantially greater than believed a few years ago highlight transformative effect contact with ancient Mediterranean had on society, especially Garamantes Fazzan. But this also argues focusing chiefly trans-Saharan commerce, much previous research has...
Lead pollution in Arctic ice reflects large-scale historical changes midlatitude industrial activities such as ancient lead/silver production and recent fossil fuel burning. Here we used measurements a broad array of 13 accurately dated cores from Greenland Severnaya Zemlya to document spatial temporal lead 200 BCE 2010 CE, with interpretation focused on 500 CE. Atmospheric transport modeling indicates that was primarily European emissions before the 19th-century Industrial Revolution....
This paper explores, in a very preliminary fashion, the relationship ancient world between design and use of mechanical technology, social or political patronage investment, economic return, using three main areas as case studies: water-lifting devices, water-powered grain mill, diverse uses water-power mining. The emphasis is on devices techniques which replaced human power with alternative sources, especially for driving machinery hydraulic mining employing erosive water. It argued that...
Abstract
The EAMENA (Endangered Archaeology of the Middle East and North Africa) project is a collaboration between Universities Leicester, Oxford Durham; it funded by Arcadia Fund Cultural Protection Fund. This paper explores development methodology, discusses some problems working across such broad region. We discuss two main case studies: World Heritage site Cyrene illustrates how can use satellite imagery (dating from 1960s to 2017), in conjunction with published data create detailed set database...
Abstract Lead and antimony measurements in basal ice from the Col du Dome glacier document heavy metal pollution western Europe associated with emissions mining smelting operations during European antiquity. Radiocarbon dating of particulate organic carbon fraction suggests that dates to ~5,000 ± 600 cal years BP. In agreement a precisely dated Greenland lead record, record indicates two periods significant Roman period, is, last centuries before Common Era second century Era. Atmospheric...
LA PRODUZIONE CITTADINA NEL MONDO ROMANO, VISTA DAL NORD AFRICA Questo articolo esamina l'evidenza per le attivita industriali nelle città del nord Africa romano e dimostra come l'importanza della produzione artigianale urbana sia stata largamente sottovalutata in molte discussioni di economia antica. Di solito è difficile stabilire la giusta scala delle attività produttive urbane senza effettuare degli scavi estensivi, visto che i laboratori erano molto spesso piuttosto piccoli; ciò non...
RIFORNIMENTO D'ACQUA PER LE FATTORIE ROMANE DEL LAZIO E DELL'ETRURIA MERIDIONALE Numerose cisterne sono note da siti rurali nell'area di Roma, molte troppo grandi per essere state riempite con acqua piovana scaricata dai tetti degli edifici. La presenza rifornimenti esterni le è stata anche confermata dal ritrovamento numerose sezioni canali, condotte e tubi. Il confronto della capacità delle quantità d'acqua necessarie irrigazione altri usi agricoli suggerisce che permettessero un...
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Although the ancient site of Utica has been studied since 19th century, location its harbors remains unresolved as they were buried under sediments Mejerda delta prograded and left 10 km inland. Using relief data a coring survey with sedimentological analysis, we identify dynamics delta's progradation, which produced double system alluvial fans. These show that bay silted up faster earlier than was thought, probably before end Punic period. Combined radiocarbon dates from coring, this...
Ancient texts and archaeological evidence indicate substantial lead exposure during antiquity that potentially impacted human health. Although routes were many included the use of glazed tablewares, paints, cosmetics, even intentional ingestion, most significant for nonelite, rural majority population may have been through background air pollution from mining smelting silver ores underpinned Roman economy. Here, we determined potential health effects this using Arctic ice core measurements...
Abstract This article presents a case of osteomyelitis variolosa from skeleton excavated in the Western Cemetery at Cirencester (Corinium) Britain, dated to 3rd or 4th c. CE. osteological condition is caused by variola virus, causative agent smallpox, and found some individuals who have survived childhood smallpox infection, manifesting many years later. The significance this discovery that it indicates had been introduced into Roman world, Britain particular, late Rather than postulating...
Abstract The ‘Burials and Identity’ team of the Desert Migrations Project carried out two main excavations in 2009 season, at monumental Garamantian cemeteries TAG001 TAG012, by Taqallit headland. In addition, a detailed survey was made other sites on west side headland, to set cemetery context. A total over 2,100 individual burials recorded this small area few square kilometres. This combined with further research well-preserved foggara systems area, which originate escarpment among run...
Abstract Reconnaissance survey in the Murzuq area, some 150 km south-east of Jarma, was carried out as part 2011 field programme Desert Migrations Project, with separate funding from Leverhulme Trust for this element work entitled ‘Peopling Project’. This designed to provide verification details settlement systems identified and mapped high-resolution satellite images an area c . 600 2 immediately east oasis town Murzuq. Examination QuickBird Ikonos imagery has permitted identification a...
Abstract Survey by the DMP Burials and Identity team around Tāqallit headland in 2009–2010 has revealed exceptional detail a well-preserved Garamantian landscape, comprising extensive cemeteries, foggara irrigation systems numerous oasis settlements. However, this remarkable survival of landscape was found 2010 to be under direct imminent threat destruction. This report describes features recorded steps taken try preserve evidence from obliteration face modern agricultural development....
This paper is based on field survey work carried out in the Sangro Valley, Abruzzo, Italy, between 1994 and 1998. While preliminary results of are published elsewhere (Lloyd et al. 1997), this article presents a computer-based GIS methodology for reconstructing routes communication ancient sites landscape, designed to complement traditional methodologies explore so-called off-site archaeology that exists areas intense antique occupation within landscape. In doing so research not only...