Rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) systems can make a significant contribution to Europe's energy transition. Realising this potential raises challenges at policy and electricity system planning level. To address this, the authors have developed geospatially explicit methodology using up-to-date spatial information of EU building stock quantify available rooftop area for PV systems. do it combines satellite-based statistical data sources with machine learning provide reliable assessment...

Three rural electrification options are analysed showing the cost optimal conditions for a sustainable energy development applying renewable sources in Africa. A spatial electricity model has been designed to point out whether diesel generators, photovoltaic systems or extension of grid least-cost option off-grid areas. The resulting mapping application offers support decide which regions communities could be electrified either within an isolated mini-grid. Donor programs and National Rural...

Key global energy, environmental and sustainability targets are closely related to the development of Renewable Energy Sources (RES). This includes reduction Greenhouse Gas emissions safe energy provision in a sustainable manner. The integration RES mix needs overcome technical challenges that grid's operation. Therefore, there is an increasing need explore approaches where different will operate under synergetic approach. A straightforward way achieve by optimizing complementarity among...

Context & scaleAlthough most people born this century will be educated in African schools, these schools often lack basic infrastructure, such as electricity and/or lighting. In the face of a rapidly growing school-age population Africa, electrification educational facilities is not just an infrastructural challenge but also pivotal investment continent's future workforce. This study reveals stark reality: third Africa's school-aged children are nearer to without electricity, impacting...

This paper undertakes a comprehensive spatial mapping of the existing energy infrastructure in Kenya. With perspective current status and local resources, study develops rural electrification model for Kenya (RE_RU_KE tool) to identify optimal strategies different locations. The considers potential conventional approaches (diesel gensets), clean technologies (solar, wind, hydro mini-grids), hybrid systems option central grid extension electrify remote areas at lowest possible cost. output is...

The absence of publicly available up-to-date costs breakdown data on photovoltaic (PV)/hybrid mini-grids in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is a barrier that needs to be resolved order overcome challenges rural electrification planning, regulation, life-cycle operation, financing, and funding. primary aim this research provide better understanding the cost structures PV/hybrid mini-grid projects Africa. review existing literature reveals significant lack transparency inconsistencies costs. This...

Achieving carbon-neutrality is increasing the demand of renewable electricity which raising competition for land and associated acquisition costs. Installation floating photovoltaic (FPV) on existing hydropower reservoirs offers one solution to limited availability while providing solar electricity, leveraging water bodies, reducing evaporation losses. This work assesses potential output FPVs at regional national levels 337 in EU27 considering four scenarios two types floaters. Evaporation,...

New financing in clean energy technologies plays a progressively important role increasing access Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This research investigates the salient social dimensions of electricity with view to identify most suitable SSA countries for funding and implementing decentralised renewable systems sheds light on opportunities improving conditions through electrification. Our multi-dimensional analysis considerations culminates Social Clean Energy Access (Social CEA) Index. The...

In Nigeria, 86 million people lack electricity access, the highest number worldwide, predominantly in rural areas. Despite government efforts, constrained budgets necessitate private investors, who, without adequate incentives, are hesitant to commit capital due perceived high risks. This study identifies three existing incentive policies—concessionary loans, subsidy, and financing productive use equipment—aimed at promoting electrification Nigeria. Employing geospatial regulatory analyses,...

Abstract The underpotential deposition of metals on foreign metal substrates has been reviewed, but this term is used in a wider sense monograph. All the redox processes resulting adsorbed atoms are included term. Based source electrons taking part deposition, classification leading to also given.

Following the successful Feed-in Tariffs (FiTs) system worldwide, few countries have implemented FiTs explicitly tailored for off-grid or mini-grid systems. This study takes an integrated approach to examine feasibility of Tariff (off-FiT) existing and new remote mini-grids in Tanzania, using a combination geographical analysis, technical, economic institutional assessments. Based on detailed modelling two community cases, (i) PV-diesel (ii) mini-hydro, we identify least-cost rural...

This paper describes the status quo of power sector in Burkina Faso, its limitations, and develops a new methodology that through spatial analysis processes with aim to provide possible pathway for universal electricity access. Following SE4All initiative approach, it recommends more extensive use distributed renewable energy systems increase access on an accelerated timeline. Less than 5% rural population Faso have currently supply is lacking at many social structures such as schools...

Pumped hydroelectric storage (PHS) is the main utility-scale technology. Although PHS systems generally constitute a fraction of generation, they receive increasing attention due to their potential balancing role towards higher penetration variable renewable energy sources (RES). In European context it widely believed that are key elements ongoing transition. The present analysis examines if this assumption valid and utilization grows parallel RES. We collected, harmonised analysed datasets...

Electricity production in Mediterranean islands currently depends heavily on imported fossil fuels. This strategy has several disadvantages and been accused of hindering the islands' sustainable development. In present research an integrated approach to increase solar photovoltaic (PV) systems' (SPVS) share energy mix is presented, through installations available surface near existing water infrastructure. Accordingly, we have analyzed potential dams accommodate SPVS their downstream face as...

The Tanzanian official power system expansion plan shows a dominant dependence on fossil fuel-fired plants till 2040. Hence identifying and analysing the underlying barriers for deployment of large-scale renewables are essential. This study investigates to solar in Tanzania. Key institutional, financial, technological identified at different levels. uses qualitative methodology where primary data is collected through 30 semi-structured interviews with experts representing main electricity...

Several Mediterranean islands are not connected to the main electricity grid yet meaning that independent local grids cater for their power requirements, mainly using imported fossil fuels whose resources scarcity, especially during high-demand summer months, is a significant challenge. Seasonal variability in demand, fuel price volatility, as well growing tourism development, impose some additional complexity. The present study analyses specific island of Aegean Sea. Selected analysed case...

Abstract Lack of access to modern forms energy hampers efforts reduce poverty. The provision electricity off-grid communities is therefore a long-standing developmental goal. Yet, many electrification projects neglect mid- and long-term operation maintenance costs. When this the case, services are unlikely be affordable that project’s primary target. Here we show that, compared with diesel-powered generation systems, solar photovoltaic systems more no less than 36% unelectrified populations...

The urgency of meeting climate targets, increasing land use competition and falling solar photovoltaic (PV) energy costs have created unprecedented opportunities for innovative deployment options. This study uses geospatial data processing to quantify the potential large-scale vertical panels along Europe's major roads railways. Factors such as geography, environmental constraints, limitations, techno-economic parameters, were carefully considered. An economic assessment is provided take...

The paper introduces a transparent methodology to assess new suitable locations for mini and small hydro power plants in Europe. expansion of electricity production is policy focus not only Europe, but the US (Hydropower Regulatory Efficiency Act 2013) developing world as well. analysis technical potential points out exact geographical their corresponding capacities instead theoretical potential; therefore it can serve reference debate over sustainable management water resources. This...

Introducing sustainable ways to use energy and transport resources is of paramount importance for creating pathways more liveable futures. Islands not interconnected the main grid offer, because their typically small size, short point-to-point travel distances that suit better than most landscapes range limitations today's electromobile eco-systems. This makes them a unique test-bed may assist researchers, businesses policy-makers in developing understanding diverse opportunities challenges...

Self-sufficiency, climate change and increasing geopolitical risks have driven energy policies to make renewable sources dominant in the power production portfolios. The initial boom mid-2000s of global photovoltaic installations demonstrated feasibility ambitious targets. However, this rapid scale-up has introduced challenges, including price volatility system integration issues. This communication calls attention these emerging challenges offers quantitative insights on how adoption a more...

A representation of a Fock state \ensuremath{\Vert}n〉 is given by superposition n+1 coherent states. These discrete coherent-state superpositions provide experimental possibilities for generating an arbitrary quantum single-mode electromagnetic field.

An efficient method of quantum state engineering based on discrete superpositions coherent states is presented. A systematic developed for obtaining optimized from the one-dimensional representation desired state. It shown that superposition even a small number put along straight line or circle in phase space can approximate nonclassical field with high degree accuracy. experimental scheme proposed generating equidistant coherent-state arbitrary coefficients. \textcopyright{} 1996 The...