A5025892708- Avian ecology and behavior
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Plant and animal studies
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Marine animal studies overview
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Climate variability and models
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Mediterranean and Iberian flora and fauna
- Historical, Religious, and Philosophical Studies
- Wildlife Conservation and Criminology Analyses
- Archaeological and Historical Studies
- Fish biology, ecology, and behavior
Ministry for Primary Industries
2025
University of British Columbia
2015-2022
Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research
2019
Boise State University
2014-2018
Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center
2015
United States Geological Survey
2015
Significance Global warming is predicted to constitute an “escalator extinction” for species that live on mountains. This because are generally moving higher elevations as temperatures warm, and only near mountaintops may run out of room. However, there little evidence high-elevation populations disappearing predicted. Here, we show recent does indeed act escalator extinction birds a remote Peruvian mountain. High-elevation have shrunk in range size declined abundance, several previously...
New Zealand’s Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) allows growers to receive payments through the accumulation of carbon units for increased stock. For forests < 100 ha, rely on pre-formulated lookup tables (LUTs) estimate changes in stock by age. Currently, minor exotic softwood species, which are predominantly redwood and cypresses, covered a general Exotic Softwoods LUT. However, this table has been found significantly underestimate sequestration these species. Using combination growth...
Are biotic interactions stronger in the tropics? Here, we investigate nest predation birds, a canonical example of strong tropical interaction. Counter to expectations, daily rates vary minimally with latitude. However, life-history traits that influence have diverged between latitudes. For example, species evolved longer average nesting period, which is associated reduced attendance by parents. Daily mortality declines period length within regions, but higher intercept. Consequently, for...
Abstract Life‐history theory postulates that physiological traits, such as energy metabolism, can be understood in terms of allocation trade‐offs between self‐maintenance and reproduction over an organism's life span, data show metabolic intensity survival vary inversely with latitude, tropical birds exhibiting a “slow” pace relative to temperature species. However, regions harbour strong environmental gradients their own, it remains shown whether similar life‐history metabolism longevity...
Relatively little is known about the longevity of free-living landbirds, especially in tropics. We used mark-recapture data for birds originally banded 2005 and 2006, later recaptured between 2011 2016, to estimate minimum 20 species from southeastern Peru. The oldest recorded was 10 years, 6 months a Black-billed Treehunter (Thripadectes melanorhynchus). Another notable record Russet-crowned Warbler (Myiothlypis coronata; 9 2 months). Our estimated records generally reflect findings other...
Spatially explicit models depicting species occupancy offer a useful conservation tool for land managers. Using occurrence data collected in 2009 and 2010 from the Boise National Forest, Idaho, we developed distribution Flammulated Owls (Psiloscops flammeolus) Northern Saw-whet (Aegolius acadicus) to explore associations between habitat factors owl occupancy. We then spatially applied these Geographic Information System. considered cover topographic variables at three spatial scales: 0.4-km,...
While alteration of the migratory habits birds is widely regarded as one most evident ecological effects climate change, studies reporting shifts in migration phenology for long-lived, long-distance migrants have been few. Using time series count data collected southern Spain during autumn migration, we examined magnitude and direction phenological six common species soaring birds. Many current methods investigating change rely on continuous sets; however, these may be unavailable a variety...
Body size mediates life history, physiology and inter- intra-specific interactions. Within species, sexes frequently differ in size, reflecting divergent selective pressures and/or constraints. Both sexual selection differences environmentally mediated reproductive constraints can drive dimorphism, but empirically testing causes of dimorphism is challenging. Manakins (Pipridae), a family Neotropical birds comprising approximately 50 exhibit broad range from male- to female-biased are...
Abstract ∙ Knowledge of molt patterns and their resulting plumages is useful for aging sexing birds and, in mono‐ chromatic species, morphometric measurements can help to discern males from females. However, these data are largely undescribed the majority world’s bird especially tropics. We sought classify strategy 10 species Neotropical passerines during breeding seasons considered whether a combination wing chord, tail length mass could be used determine sex. banding three years...
This study establishes an altiudinal gradient, spanning from the highland Andes (2400 m) to lowland Amazon, as a productive region for of bird pollination in Southeastern Peru. The 'Manú Gradient' has rich history ornithological research, published data and resources which lay groundwork analyses plant-bird interactions. In this preliminary expedition we documented 44 plants exhibting aspects syndrome, made field observations hummingbird visits at three sites Manú Gradient: 2800 m...
We developed aging criteria for 7 species of manakins (Pipridae) from the Manu Biosphere Reserve, Peru, based on patterns plumage maturation and wing-feather replacement following their preformative molt, summarize information morphological characteristics. Each underwent a partial which could be identified using presence molt limits in greater coverts. Some male Band-tailed Manakin (Pipra fasciicauda), Round-tailed (Ceratopipra chloromeros), Cerulean-capped (Lepidothrix coeruleocapilla),...
I report on the unusual behavior of an adult House Wren (Troglodytes aedon) leading recently fledged young back to nest for two consecutive nights. The ambient temperature reached below 0°C during both Despite disadvantages associated with remaining in nest, this observation suggests that birds may assess trade-offs between perceived risks versus benefits engaging other activities, case roosting communally thermoregulation.
Abstract The “biotic interactions” hypothesis—that stronger interspecific interactions in the tropics drive faster evolution and speciation, giving rise to latitudinal diversity gradient—has inspired many tests of whether certain biotic are indeed tropics. However, possibility that populations have adapted differences species interactions, blunting effects on evolutionary rates, has been largely ignored. Here we show mean rates nest predation experienced by land birds vary minimally with...
Across all bird species, latitude plays an important role in determining patterns timing, duration, and synchronisation of primary moult but, apart from Africa, studies at the southernmost limits continents islands southern hemisphere are lacking. The focus this study is self-introduced silvereye (tauhou, Zosterops lateralis) New Zealand, one most countries world. Moult data collected by banders during period 1978–2022 were analysed using Underhill-Zucchini model. Silvereyes had estimated...
Scholer, M. N., Leu, and J. R. Belthoff. 2018. Patterns of co-occurrence in woodpeckers nocturnal cavity-nesting owls within an Idaho forest. Avian Conservation Ecology 13(1):18. https://doi.org/10.5751/ACE-01209-130118
Abstract Tropical birds are purported to be longer lived than temperate species of similar size, but it has not been shown whether avian survival rates covary with a latitudinal gradient worldwide. Here, we perform global-scale meta-analysis investigate the extent gradient. We modeled as function latitude for separate northern and southern hemispheres, considered phylogenetic relationships extrinsic (climate) intrinsic (life history) predictors hypothesized moderate these effects. Using...
Previous article FreeCorrectionBenjamin G. Freeman, Micah N. Scholer, Mannfred M. A. Boehm, Julian Heavyside, and Dolph SchluterBenjamin Freeman1. Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada2. Department Zoology, Canada Search for more articles by this author , Scholer1. Boehm1. Canada3. Botany, Heavyside1. Schluter1. Original articleAdaptation Latitudinal Gradients in Species Interactions: Nest Predation BirdsFull TextPDF Add to favoritesDownload...