AbstractAbstractIn present article, the soybean packed bed was generated based on Discrete Element Method, and distribution of radial porosity airflow path were analyzed. The is not uniform, it larger near wall. However, lower central axis, resulting in a tortuosity this area. Based thermal non-equilibrium principle, double-diffusion heat moisture transfer model grain pile developed. verified validated using experimental data from relative literature thin-layer drying, mean deviation...

In recent decades, artificial intelligence has undergone transformative advancements, reshaping diverse sectors such as healthcare, transport, agriculture, energy, and the media. Despite enthusiasm surrounding AI’s potential, concerns persist about its potential negative impacts, including substantial energy consumption ethical challenges. This paper critically reviews evolving landscape of AI sustainability, addressing economic, social, environmental dimensions. The literature is...

ABSTRACT Understanding the physical phenomena during fluidized bed drying is crucial. In this study, dispersion and behavior of wheat particles under different fitting models were studied based on Computational Fluid Dynamics–Discrete Element Method. The impact air parameters heat moisture transfer was revealed. results indicate that particle coefficient ranges from 10 −3 to −1 m 2 s . non‐uniformity in increases with time, while heating rate gradually decreases. accumulation bottom region...

Vehicle exhaust pollutants has become a major source of urban air pollution and it is great significance to study its diffusion law. This paper analyzes the factors that affect motor vehicle emissions in street canyon determines research method pollutant dispersion. mainly simulates influence different wind speed direction on flow field dispersion canyon. Results show impact Vertical inclined wind, leeward side canyons concentrations much higher than windward concentration pollutants, almost...

The D−π–A conjugated polymers with a benzotriazole (BTz) unit as the A moiety have been intensively investigated donor materials in nonfullerene solar cells. However, these BTz even fluorinated-BTz constructed mostly suffered from upward highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels, leading to inferior open-circuit voltage (VOC) and efficiencies fabricated Herein, we explored new approach response this issue via strategy of π-bridge fusion moiety. As result, medium band gap...

Nowadays, many cities in China are suffering from both fine particulate matter (PM2.5, with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5 µm) and ozone (O3) pollution. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is important component of PM2.5 closely related to the oxidation processes. To investigate characteristics formation pathways SOA during different types haze pollution episodes, carbonaceous components volatile compounds (VOCs) were monitored continuously Chengdu April 2019, when experienced not only...

Grain is an important material for human survival. However, the expanding world population contributing to a growing grain shortage. In order reduce loss of due pests and mold during storage, mechanical ventilation as main method has crucial research significance. This article proposed analyzed effect migration characteristics ozone in pile under modified network (MVN) compared it with original (OVN). The study found that temperature, moisture, concentration two networks are not evenly...

Abstract To investigate fluid flow and coupled heat‐moisture transfer in the hot‐air drying of grain piles, this study integrated discrete‐element method with computational dynamics. A model for a thin‐layer pile, consisting nonspherical rice particles represented by 13 spheres, was developed. Using based on fluid–solid coupling, process hot air simulated validated against experimental data. Finally, controlling temperature initial moisture content rice, variations during were explored. The...

Abstract Drying conditions greatly affect the quality of grains, and efforts should be made to minimize loss grains during drying process. In this study, numerical simulations were conducted investigate behavior barley at both particle grain pile scales by solving coupled heat moisture equation. The model was validated using thin‐layer experimental results from literature, it found that simulated values average content had a maximum relative error 7.73% compared values. Furthermore, impact...

NKT cells, a unique subset of T cells that recognizes glycolipid antigens presented by CD1d molecules, are believed to produce key cytokines both Th1 and Th2 thus involved in the control several types immune response. As an active antigen having α-galactosyl ceramide core structure, KRN7000 showed promising immunostimulation activity was selected as anticancer drug candidate for further clinical application. In this report, three new structural analogues were designed synthesized, which ring...

Mechanical ventilation technology is widely used in storage, and uniformity an important indicator to measure the effect of internal mechanical granary. Based on actual experimental data storage grain stack ventilation, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulations were carried out obtain distribution pile air flow field pressure 3D real time with porous media. The results show that simulation model better simulate ventilation. study can provide reference for further...

Polarization smoothing (PS) is a key approach to suppress laser plasma instabilities (LPI) in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments. Here, we propose liquid crystal (LC) PS element realize single beam and demonstrate its effect, principle, with 2×2 LC polarization checkerboard, which reduces the intensity variation focal spot 78.4%. elements, have potential applications high-power ICF drivers, many advantages because they are easy fabricate, cost effective, flexible, large.

Numbers of high-rise buildings form the street canyon, in which exhaust vehicles accumulate and do harm to urban residents. So study on pollutant dispersion characteristics influence factors emission city streets is great significance. This paper analyses emissions, gets numerical simulation building's roof shape both sides influences relative height canyon air flow field diffusion concentration field. The results show that with increase height, vehicle emissions a downward trend leeward...

In this paper, the effects of Rayleigh numbers on natural convection and heat transfer with thermal radiation in a cavity partially filled porous medium have been studied numerically. The governing equations for momentum both free fluid were solved by finite element method. radiative is calculated making use radiosity surfaces that assumed to be grey. Comparisons experimental numerical results literature carried out. Effects number analyzed. It was found can significantly change temperature...

In this paper, the effects of surface radiation on heat transfer and natural convection in a cavity containing horizontal porous layer have been studied numerically. The governing equations for momentum both free fluid medium were solved by finite element method. radiative is calculated making use radiosity surfaces that assumed to be grey. Comparisons with experimental numerical results literature carried out. Effects thermal analyzed. It was found can significantly change temperature...

This work deals with turbulent natural convection heat and moisture transfer thermal radiation in a rectangular cavity partially filled hygroscopic porous medium. The governing equations for the momentum both free fluid media content medium were solved by finite element method. Comparisons experimental numerical results literature have been carried out. Effects of radiation, Rayleigh number on analyzed. It was found that surface can significantly change temperature fields regions flow With...

The Discrete Element Method (DEM) has been widely employed to investigate the behavior of particle systems at a macroscopic scale. However, effectively simulating gradual filling bulk cereal grains within silos using DEM remains formidable challenge due time constraints. Thus, there is critical need develop simplified model capable substantially reducing computational required for grain accumulation. This study introduces Layered Filling (LFM) designed expedite process piles silos. By...

Based on the discrete element method (DEM), four packed beds composed of soybean kernels with diameters 6.4, 6.8, 7.4 mm, and mixture three kinds particles were established. Then, a double-diffusion heat mass transfer model between grain pile interstitial air was established based local thermal non-equilibrium (LMTNE) mechanism. Finally, employing particle-resolved computational fluid dynamics (PRCFD), during drying process in numerically resolved. It found that bed formed by stacking...

The presence of indoor particulate matter seriously affects the air quality. In an air-conditioned room, air-flow organization plays leading role in elimination matters. With increasing requirements comfort and cleanliness, selection air-conditioning grows more stringent. this paper, with a simplified office as physical model, temperature field concentration particles three kinds common airflow forms are simulated by CFD, to analyze influence on particle concentration. results show that...

Amorphous silicon nitride (α-SiN x ) films were coated on a photonic crystal-laser diode by the radio frequency magnetron sputtering method. Sputtering deposition conditions changed to obtain α-SiN with different properties. The optical parameters and morphologies of products systemically characterized spectroscopic ellipsometry fitting, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, performance LDs tested at 25 °C. Physical mechanisms explained in detail. band gap 4.4 eV...

ABSTRACT Using variable temperature and relative humidity of natural air based on local climatic conditions for drying aeration grain is an energy‐saving efficient method. The study heat moisture transfer within piles during low‐temperature bulk corn in low‐humidity areas, which can provide theoretical support selecting low‐consumption processes practical applications. In this study, the mathematical model coupled dynamics dry silo was verified using experimental datum storage experiment,...

ABSTRACT The temperature data obtained from cables monitoring stored grain are crucial for real‐time surveillance of storage and serve as a reference processes such ventilation. This study focuses on optimizing the arrangement within warehouse employing numerical simulations to analyze variation in during 7‐day cooling ventilation period. By comparing predicted average bulk with temperatures recorded by cable sensors, evaluates potential benefits cost implications various layouts. maximum...