Abstract. In alpine terrain, snow sublimation represents an important component of the winter moisture budget, representing a proportion precipitation which does not contribute to melt. To quantify its amount we analyze spatial pattern at ground, from canopy and turbulent suspension during wind-induced transport for high area in Berchtesgaden National Park (Germany), discuss efficiency these processes with respect seasonal snowfall. Therefore, utilized interpolated meteorological recordings...

Knowledge about lateral snow transport processes is essential for the description of spatial distribution and therefore water on lands surface. While numerous hydrological models are accounting wind induced transport, they mostly neglecting gravitational processes. This leads to unrealistic calculations cover distributions in high Alpine regions effecting subsequent prediction individual components energy cycles at land “SnowSlide” as presented here a fast parsimonious model component...

Abstract. Air temperature controls a large variety of environmental processes, and is an essential input parameter for land surface models, example in hydrology, ecology climatology. However, meteorological networks, which can provide the necessary information, are commonly sparse complex terrains, especially high mountainous regions. In order to data adequate temporal spatial resolution local scale applications new elevation correction method has been developed that able downscale 3-hourly...

Abstract. Knowledge of current snow cover extent is essential for characterizing energy and moisture fluxes at the Earth's surface. The snow-covered area (SCA) often estimated by using optical satellite information in combination with normalized-difference index (NDSI). NDSI thereby uses a threshold definition if pixel assumed to be covered or free. spatiotemporal representativeness standard 0.4 however questionable local scale. Here, we use maps derived from ground-based photography...

In this study, high-resolution thermal imagery acquired with a small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is used to map evapotranspiration (ET) at grassland site in Luxembourg. The land surface temperature (LST) information from the key input one-source and two-source energy balance model. While model treats as single uniform layer, partitions fluxes into soil vegetation components. It thus explicitly accounts for different contributions of both components well turbulent flux exchange atmosphere....

Abstract. The Chinese Tian Shan (also known as the Tianshan Mountains, CTM) have a complex ecological environmental system. They not only large number of desert oases but also support many glaciers. arid climate and shortage water resources are important factors restricting area's socioeconomic development. This study presents unique high-resolution (1 km, 6-hourly) air temperature data set for (41.1814–45.9945∘ N, 77.3484–96.9989∘ E) from 1979 to 2016 based on robust elevation correction...

Spatially distributed high-resolution data of land surface temperature (LST) and evapotranspiration (ET) are important information for crop water management other applications in the agricultural sector. While satellite can provide LST 100 m, current development unmanned aerial systems (UAS) affordable low-weight thermal cameras allows subsequent ET to be derived at resolutions down centimetre scale. In this study, UAS-based images infrared (TIR) visible spectral range were collected over a...

ABSTRACT The near surface air temperature is the primary indicator for climate change. Reanalysis as surrogates large‐scale observations are widely used in Tibetan Plateau because of sparse meteorological network. However, an average bias −3.54 °C and root‐mean‐square error ( RMSE ) 4.31 were found between ERA ‐Interim monthly 2‐m observation over Plateau, which indicated that a correction procedure necessary before local scale applications. To overcome this challenge, robust elevation...

Snow management, i. e., snowmaking and grooming, is an integral part of modern ski resort management. While the current snow cover distribution on slopes often well known thanks to usage advanced monitoring techniques, information about its future evolution usually lacking. Management-enabled numerical snowpack models driven by meteorological forecasts can help fill this gap. In frame H2020 project PROSNOW, AMUNDSEN, Crocus, SNOWPACK/Alpine3D are applied in nine pilot resorts across European...

Precipitation is an essential input parameter for land surface models because it controls a large variety of environmental processes. However, the commonly sparse meteorological networks in complex terrains are unable to provide information needed many applications. Therefore, downscaling local precipitation necessary. To this end, new machine learning method, LASSO algorithm (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator), used address disparity between ERA-Interim forecast data (0.25°...

Abstract. Terrestrial photography combined with the recently presented Photo Rectification And ClassificaTIon SoftwarE (PRACTISE V.1.0) has proven to be a valuable source derive snow cover maps in high temporal and spatial resolution. The areal coverage of used digital photographs is however strongly limited. Satellite images on other hand can larger areas but do show uncertainties respect accurate detection covered area. This especially fact if user defined thresholds are needed, e.g. case...

Abstract Wind‐induced snow transport has remarkable effects on the cover spatial variability and temporal dynamics of snowmelt runoff. For accurate modelling, valid atmospheric forcing fields are essential. Since it is impossible to generate appropriate wind by a simple interpolation station data, new approach was developed: A modified version Penn State University‐National Centre for Atmospheric Research (MM5) model used with 200‐m resolution. Because high computational costs MM5, not...

Abstract. Snow transport is one of the most dominant processes influencing snow cover accumulation and ablation in high mountain environments. Hence, spatial temporal variability significantly modified with respective consequences on total amount water pack, dynamics runoff energy balance surface. For present study we used model SnowModel combination MM5 (Penn State University – National Center for Atmospheric Research model) generated wind fields. In a first step fields were downscaled by...

Abstract. Terrestrial photography is a cost-effective and easy-to-use method for measuring monitoring spatially distributed land surface variables. It can be used to continuously investigate remote often inaccessible terrain. We focus on the observation of snow cover patterns in high mountainous areas. The temporal spatial resolution photographs have various applications, example validating hydrological models. However, analysis photograph requires preceding georectification digital camera...

Abstract. For many ungauged mountain regions, global datasets of different meteorological and land surface parameters are the only data sources available. However, their applicability in modelling high-alpine regions has been insufficiently investigated so far. Therefore, we tested a suite globally available by applying physically based Cold Regions Hydrological Model (CRHM) for 10-year (September 2000–August 2010) period gauged Research Catchment Zugspitze (RCZ), which is 12 km2 located...

Abstract. For understanding water and solute transport processes, knowledge about the respective hydraulic properties is necessary. Commonly, parameters are estimated via pedo-transfer functions using soil texture data to avoid cost-intensive measurements of in laboratory. Therefore, current information only available at a coarse spatial resolution 250 1000 m. Here, method presented derive high-resolution (15 m) topsoil patterns for meso-scale Attert catchment (Luxembourg, 288 km2) from 28...

Abstract As an important global data resource, reanalysis is widely applied for climate impact studies of the past several decades. For first time, monthly mean temperature and total precipitation derived from newest generation product—the ECMWF twentieth-century dataset (ERA-20CM)—is quantitatively evaluated based on probability density functions 702 meteorological stations during period 1960–2009 across China. This study attempts to investigate how well each member ensemble prediction...

To find the adequate spatial model discretization scheme, which balances models capabilities and demand for representing key features in reality, is a challenging task. It becomes even more high alpine catchments, where variability of topography meteorology over short distances strongly influences distribution snow cover, dominant component water cycle. For Research Catchment Zugspitze (RCZ) new method objective delineation hydrological response units (HRUs) using time series resolution...

Abstract. In alpine terrain, snow sublimation as a component of the winter moisture budget represents proportion precipitation which does not contribute to melt. To quantify its amount we analyze spatial pattern at ground, from canopy and turbulent suspension during wind-induced transport for high area in Berchtesgaden National Park (Germany), discuss efficiency these processes with respect seasonal snowfall. Therefore, utilized hourly meteorological recordings network automatic stations,...

Abstract. The identification of catchment functional behavior with regards to water and energy balance is an important step during the parameterization land surface models. An approach based on time series thermal infrared (TIR) data from remote sensing developed investigated identify functioning as represented in temporal dynamics temperature (LST). For mesoscale Attert midwestern Luxembourg, a 28 TIR images ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Reflection Radiometer) was extracted...

Der Hochgebirgsraum ist traditionell ein Raum mit wenigen bis keinen Messstationen. Vorortmessungen sind nur in ausgesuchten Gebieten oder punktuell verfügbar. Aus diesem Grund werden Landoberflächenmodelle, regionale Klimamodelle und Fernerkundungsdaten eingesetzt, um die benötigte Information zur erzeugen. Wie diese Daten im Gebirgsraum tatsächlich sind, bleibt dabei oftmals offen, da Evaluationsdatensätze fehlen, lückenhaft vorhanden sind. Besonders wertvoll Zusammenhang alpine...