Publicly funded prekindergarten programs have achieved small‐to‐large impacts on children's cognitive outcomes. The current study examined the impact of a program that implemented coaching system and consistent literacy, language, mathematics curricula these other nontargeted, essential components school readiness, such as executive functioning. Participants included 2,018 four five‐year‐old children. Findings indicated had moderate‐to‐large numeracy skills, small functioning measure emotion...

Unauthorized immigrants account for approximately one-fourth of all in the United States, yet they dominate public perceptions and are at heart a policy impasse. Caught middle children these immigrants—youth who coming age living shadows. An estimated 5.5 million adolescents growing up with unauthorized parents experiencing multiple unrecognized developmental consequences as result their family's existence shadow law. Although youth American spirit voice, nonetheless members families that...

Abstract Current scholarship on the cultural value systems of individualism and collectivism, associated developmental goals autonomy relatedness, has moved beyond grand divide theories to emphasize variation within individuals cultures. We present a theoretical model dynamic coexistence (at macro level) parents' micro level). contend that values have largely been classified as polar opposites may be viewed conflicting, additive, or functionally dependent. Parents view goal interfering with...

The search for ways to prevent juvenile crime in the United States has become a matter of national urgency, as incidence serious offenses continues rise. Most prevention initiatives focus on late childhood or adolescence. Such may be missing an important additional opportunity intervene earlier children's lives. This review literature from criminology, psychology, and education shows that there exist key early factors which are associated with later antisocial delinquent behavior programs...

This study explored students’ perceptions of 3 dimensions school climate (teacher support, student–student and opportunities for autonomy in the classroom) associations between these adolescent psychological academic adjustment China United States. Data were drawn from 2 studies involving 706 middle students ( M = 12.26) Nanjing, China, 709 12.36) New York City. Findings revealed that perceived higher levels teacher classroom than Furthermore, support positively associated with adolescents’...

In just a matter of weeks, the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to huge societal public health and economic challenges worldwide. The clinical effects COVID-19 on young children are uncertain when compared with older age groups, lower morbidity mortality rates no conclusive evidence supporting transmission during pregnancy; however, there is emerging increasing child hyperinflammatory shock.1Ludvigsson J.F. Systematic review in show milder cases better prognosis than...

Multiple methods are vital to understanding development as a dynamic, transactional process. This article focuses on the ways in which quantitative and qualitative methodologies can be combined enrich developmental science study of human development, focusing practical questions "when" "how." Research situations that may especially suited mixing approaches described. The authors also discuss potential choices for using mixed quantitative- design, sampling, construction measures or interview...

Familismo has been described as a core cultural value for Latinos, but there have few studies of its attitudinal and behavioral manifestations. We explored familismo using qualitative data collected from 23 Latina mothers who participated in an ethnographic study. The study employed semistructured interviews participant observation methods carried out across 10 to 12 home visits each participant. Results indicate that manifests five specific areas—financial support, shared daily activities,...

We assessed impacts on classroom quality and 5 child language behavioral outcomes of a 2-year teacher professional-development program for publicly funded prekindergarten kindergarten in Chile. This cluster-randomized trial included 64 schools (child N = 1,876). The incorporated workshops in-classroom coaching. found moderate to large positive observed emotional instructional support as well organization classrooms after 1 year the program. After 2 years program, were organization. No...

Quality of teacher–child interactions is central to prekindergarten children's learning. In the United States, quality commonly assessed using teaching through conceptual framework and an associ/ated observational tool, Classroom Assessment Scoring System ( CLASS ). This study examined: (a) whether there was evidence supporting three distinctive domains in Chile (construct validity) (b) these predicted end‐of‐prekindergarten language, academic, executive function skills (predictive...

Despite calls to expand early childhood education (ECE) in the United States, questions remain regarding its medium- and long-term impacts on educational outcomes. We use meta-analysis of 22 high-quality experimental quasi-experimental studies conducted between 1960 2016 find that average, participation ECE leads statistically significant reductions special placement (d = 0.33 SD, 8.1 percentage points) grade retention 0.26 8.3 increases high school graduation rates 0.24 11.4 points). These...

Significance This study demonstrates the causal impact of a poverty reduction intervention on early childhood brain activity. Data from Baby’s First Years study, randomized control trial, show that predictable, monthly unconditional cash transfer given to low-income families may have infant In context greater economic resources, children’s experiences changed, and their activity adapted those experiences. The resultant patterns been shown be associated with development subsequent cognitive skills.

This study examined the influence of experiences racism, homophobia, and anti-immigrant discrimination on depressive symptoms HIV risk among a sample Asian Pacific Islander (A&PI) gay men (N = 192). In addition, potential protective influences conversations about with friends family were explored. These reported high rates (45% above clinical cutoff Center for Epidemiological Studies—Depression scale) as well behavior (31% reporting at least one episode unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) in...

Abstract— There were roughly 4 million children of undocumented parents in the United States 2008. This article describes effects that parental status can have on developmental contexts experienced early childhood, before formal school entry. It focuses childhood as a crucial but still overlooked period for study immigrant families, stage when foundational cognitive and social skills are developing which economic disadvantage has particularly potent effects. Moreover, 91% under 6 with at...

We examined gestural and verbal interactions in 226 mother-infant pairs from Mexican, Dominican, African American backgrounds when infants were 14 months 2 years of age, related these to infants' emerging skills. At both ages, dyads video-recorded as they shared a wordless number book, emotion beads string. coded mothers' gestures language/vocalizations. Each maternal utterance was referential (e.g. 'That's bead') or regulatory 'Put it there'). Mothers reported on gestural, receptive,...

Despite consensus in the developmental literature regarding role of executive function (EF) skills supporting development language during preschool years, we know relatively little about associations between EF skills, including all components, and vocabulary among preschool‐aged children. In this paper, address gap by fitting structural equation models to examine beginning‐of‐preschool end‐of‐preschool receptive vocabulary, as well association data from 400 We find that at beginning are a...

Chua’s (2011) book Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother generated vigorous debate regarding its description “Chinese” parenting ideology and practices. In this article, authors analyzed narratives from 24 Chinese mothers middle school students in Nanjing, China to explore their sharp distinction “Tiger Mother” image, our analysis indicated that although all wanted children do well school, primary goals were focused on raising socially emotionally well-adjusted who had capacity be self-sufficient...