A5090918172- Plant and animal studies
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Radioactive Decay and Measurement Techniques
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Forest Management and Policy
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Agricultural Economics and Policy
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
U.S. National Arboretum
2020-2023
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2020
University of Tennessee at Knoxville
2009-2020
University of California, Davis
2016-2020
Ecological Society of America
2020
University of California, Santa Cruz
2020
University of Oklahoma
2013-2019
Oklahoma Biological Survey
2013-2019
University of Georgia
2009
The Jones Center at Ichauway
2009
Summary Ecological restoration is a global priority that holds great potential for benefiting natural ecosystems, but outcomes are notoriously unpredictable. Resolving this unpredictability represents major, critical challenge to the science of ecology. In an effort move ecology toward more predictive science, we consider key issue variability. Typically, vary relative goals (i.e. reference or desired future conditions) and with respect other efforts. The field has largely considered only...
Shifting community assembly dynamics are an underappreciated mechanism by which warming will alter plant composition. Germination timing (which can determine the order in seedlings emerge within a community) likely shift unevenly across species response to warming. In seasonal environments where communities reassemble at beginning of each growing season, changes germination could lead priority effects, and ultimately We test this expectation assembling mesocosms 15 one two orders-"ambient"...
Summary The outcomes of restoration efforts are contingent on the specifics practices utilized, but also uncontrolled contingencies such as site effects and year effects. Although practitioners have long been aware that successes their projects vary from to year, there few direct experimental tests these contingencies. We established grassland plots identically across three sites in northern California, each four establishment years (for 12 site‐year combinations). resulting plant...
Abstract Restoration success is often hampered by the failure of less dominant competitors to establish. An emerging literature on priority effects suggests manipulation community assembly as a useful technique help overcome these difficulties altering competitive relationships. We present data from set four experiments, carried out at each three sites in restoration settings California grasslands. These data, combined with patterns summarized literature, indicate that both short‐term (1–3...
Climatic warming is altering the behavior of individuals and composition communities. However, recent studies have shown that impact on ectotherms varies geographically: species at warmer sites where environmental temperatures are closer to their upper critical thermal limits more likely be negatively impacted by than inhabiting relatively cooler sites. We used a large-scale experimental temperature manipulation warm intact forest ant assemblages in field examine impacts chronic foraging...
Environmental conditions that vary from year to can be strong drivers of ecological dynamics, including the composition newly assembled communities. However, ecologists often chalk such dynamics up "noise" in experiments. Our lack attention "year effects" hampers our understanding contingencies assembly mechanisms and limits generalizability research findings. Here, we provide examples published demonstrating importance effects during community across study systems. We further quantify these...
The order of species arrival can dramatically alter the trajectory community development. While there is experimental evidence that priority effects be important drivers structure early on, persistence and duration these unclear. Here we report on a assembly experiment in which mix four native grasses forbs were planted their own, together, or with one-year over other guild. We found positive for both initial years experiment. However, 6-8 yr after planting, effectiveness treatments mixed....
Summary Assembly history can determine ecosystem structure and function by influencing the relative abundances of species. Priority effects (impacts associated with early arrival) likely promote success exotic invaders, which often arrive at larger propagule sizes germinate earlier than native species tend to grow more quickly. However, potential for tolerate late arrival is unknown. Using a suite old‐field plant species, we established mesocosm experiment varying order address following...
Abstract Communities worldwide are losing multiple species at an unprecedented rate, but how communities reassemble after these losses is often open question. It well established that the order and timing of arrival during community assembly shapes forthcoming composition function. Yet, whether can lead to divergent trajectories remains largely unexplored. Here, we propose a novel framework sets testable hypotheses on effects losses— inverse priority —and suggests its integration into study...
Abstract Warming is altering the way soils function in ecosystems both directly by changing microbial physiology and indirectly causing shifts community composition. Some of these warming‐driven changes are short term, but others may persist over time. Here, we took advantage a long‐term (14 yr) warming experiment tallgrass prairie to tease apart influence short‐ on litter decomposition. We collected originating from warmed control plots incubated them with common substrate reciprocal design...
Abstract Non‐native plants are a major obstacle in the restoration and management of eastern North American forests. species, particularly woody shrubs, can be difficult to remove extremely persistent, thus consuming much time resources available managers. Continued, annual control effort is needed keep non‐native abundances low. However, how that will vary over not well documented. We conducted landscape scale experiment which we managed shrubs 5 years, modelling person‐hours dedicated...
Abstract 1. This correlational study examines the relationship between red imported fire ant ( Solenopsis invicta ) and native ants in a longleaf pine savanna. Fire are frequently associated with decline throughout invaded range, but invasion is often coupled habitat disturbance. Invasion of into savanna provides an opportunity to examine structure community absence 2. Pitfall trapping was conducted within as well across naturally occurring soil moisture gradient, plots that had been...
Ecological communities are being reshaped by climatic change. Losses and gains of species will alter community composition diversity but these effects likely to vary geographically may be hard predict from uncontrolled “natural experiments”. In this study, we used open‐top warming chambers simulate a range scenarios for ground‐nesting ant at northern (Harvard Forest, MA) southern (Duke NC) study site in the eastern US. After 2.5 years experimental warming, found no significant accumulated...
Climate change affects communities both directly and indirectly via changes in interspecific interactions. One such interaction that may be altered under climate is the ant-plant seed dispersal mutualism common deciduous forests of eastern North America. As climatic warming alters abundance activity levels ants, potential exists for shifts rates ant-mediated dispersal. We used an experimental temperature manipulation at two sites US (Harvard Forest Massachusetts Duke Carolina) to examine...
NJS was supported by the US National Science Foundation (NSF-1136703) and acknowledges a grant from Danish Research to Center for Macroecology, Evolution Climate.
Abstract Historical data sets can be useful tools to aid in understanding the impacts of global change on natural ecosystems. Resampling historically sampled sites (“snapshot resampling”) has often been used detect long‐term shifts ecological populations and communities, because it allows researchers avoid monitoring costs investigate a large number potential trends. But recent simulation‐based research called reliability resampling into question, its utility not comprehensively evaluated....
Although it is increasingly clear that exotic invasive species affect seed-dispersal mutualisms, a synthetic examination of the effect on mutualisms lacking. Here, we review impacts Argentine ant ( Linepithema humile ) seed dispersal. We found sites with L. had 92 per cent fewer native dispersers than did where was absent. In addition, not replace dispersers, as rates removal and seedling establishment were all lower in presence its absence. conclude potential shifts plant diversity...
Historical records of species are compared with current to elucidate effects recent climate change. However, confounding variables such as succession, land-use change, and invasions make it difficult demonstrate a causal link between changes in biota climate. Experiments that manipulate temperature can overcome this issue attribution, but long-term impacts warming test directly. Here we combine historical experimental data explore on ant assemblages southeastern US. Observational span...