The Quantum Internet is envisioned as the final stage of quantum revolution, opening fundamentally new communications and computing capabilities, including distributed computing. But governed by laws mechanics. Phenomena with no counterpart in classical networks, such no-cloning, measurement, entanglement teleporting, impose very challenging constraints for network design. Specifically, functionalities, ranging from error-control mechanisms to overhead-control strategies, are based on...

The Quantum Internet, by enabling quantum communications among remote nodes, is a network capable of supporting functionalities with no direct counterpart in the classical world. Indeed, and provided devices can communicate cooperate for solving challenging computational tasks adopting distributed computing approach. aim this study to provide reader an overview about main challenges open problems arising design ecosystem. For this, authors survey, following bottom-up approach, from...

Quantum Teleportation is the key communication functionality of Internet, allowing "transmission' qubits without either physical transfer particle storing qubit or violation quantum mechanical principles. teleportation facilitated by action entanglement, a somewhat counter-intuitive phenomenon with no direct counterpart in classical word. As consequence, very concept system model has to be redesigned account for peculiarities teleportation. This re-design crucial prerequisite constructing...

To fully unleash the potentials of quantum computing, several new challenges and open problems need to be addressed. From a routing perspective, optimal problem, i.e., problem jointly designing protocol route metric assuring discovery providing highest communication opportunities between an arbitrary couple devices, is crucial. In this paper, addressed for generic network architectures composed by repeaters operating through single atoms in optical cavities. Specifically, we first model...

Nowadays, quantum computing has reached the engineering phase, with fully-functional processors integrating hundreds of noisy qubits. Yet – to fully unveil potential out labs into business reality challenge ahead is substantially scale qubit number, reaching orders magnitude exceeding thousands fault-tolerant To this aim, distributed paradigm recognized as key solution for scaling number Indeed, accordingly such a paradigm, multiple small-to-moderate-scale communicate and cooperate executing...

In this invited paper, the authors discuss exponential computing speed-up achievable by interconnecting quantum computers through a internet. They also identify key future research challenges and open problems for internet design deployment.

Counter-intuitively, quantum mechanics enables particles to propagate simultaneously among multiple space-time trajectories. Hence, a information carrier can travel through different communication channels in superposition of orders, so that the relative time-order becomes indefinite. This is realized by utilizing device known as switch. In this paper, we investigate, from communication-engineering perspective, use switch within teleportation process, one key functionalities Quantum...

Small cells are a cost-effective way to reliably expand network coverage and provide significantly increased capacity for end users. The ultra-high bandwidth available at millimeter (mmWave) Terahertz (THz) frequencies can effectively realize short-range wireless access links in small enabling potential uses cases such as driver-less cars, data backhauling ultra-high-definition infotainment services. This paper describes new software defined (SDN) framework vehicles equipped with...

In distributed quantum computing architectures, with the network and communications functionalities provided by Quantum Internet, remote processing units (QPUs) can communicate cooperate for executing computational tasks that single NISQ devices cannot handle themselves. To this aim, requires a new generation of compilers, mapping any algorithm to architecture. With perspective, in paper, we first discuss main challenges arising compiler design computing. Then, analytically derive an upper...

Practical distributed quantum computing requires the development of efficient compilers, able to make circuits compatible with some given hardware constraints. This problem is known be tough, even for local computing. Here, we address it on architectures. As generally assumed in this scenario, telegates represent fundamental remote (inter-processor) operations. Each telegate consists several tasks: i) entanglement generation and distribution, ii) operations, iii) classical communications....

Two main issues affect the existing routing metrics for cognitive radio ad hoc networks: i) they are often based on heuristics, and thus have not been proved to be optimal; ii) do account route diversity effects, able measure actual cost of a route. In this paper, an optimal metric networks, referred as OPERA, is proposed. OPERA designed achieve two features: Optimality: when combined with both Dijkstra Bellman-Ford protocols; Accuracy: exploits provided by intermediate nodes end-to-end...

The Internet just turned 50 five decades that shaped the world we live in. But what comes next, so-called Quantum Internet, will be even more revolutionary, likely in ways can't imagine yet.

In the theory of quantum communications, a deeper structure has been recently unveiled, showing that capacity does not completely characterize channel ability to transmit information due phenomena – namely, superadditivity, superactivation and causal activation with no counterpart in classical world. Although how deep goes this is yet be fully uncovered, it crucial for communication engineering community own implications these understanding deriving fundamental limits communications. Hence,...

This paper deals with the routing in cognitive mobile ad hoc networks. We propose to modify widely adopted Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) protocol order assure its functionality considered scenario. The resulting protocol, referred as Cognitive (CAODV) has been designed according three guidelines: i) avoid regions of primary users activity during both route formation and packet discovery without requiring a dedicated common control channel; ii) perform joint path channel selection...

To realize the Quantum Internet, quantum communications require pre-shared entanglement among nodes. However, both generation and distribution of maximally-entangled states are inherently contaminated by decoherence. Conventionally, decoherence is mitigated performing consecutive steps distillation followed teleportation. this conventional approach imposes a long delay. circumvent impediment, we propose novel communication scheme relying on realistic noisy entanglement, which eliminates...

Nowadays, quantum computing has reached the engineering phase, with fully-functional processors integrating hundred of noisy qubits available. Yet -- to fully unveil potential out labs and into business reality challenge ahead is substantially scale qubit number, reaching orders magnitude exceeding thousands (if not millions) noise-free qubits. To this aim, there exists a broad consensus among both academic industry communities about considering distributed paradigm as key solution for...

Nowadays, the classical Internet is mainly envisioned as underlying communication infrastructure of Quantum Internet, aimed at providing services such signaling and coordination messages. However, interplay between quantum complex its understanding pivotal for an effective design protocol stack. The aim article to shed light on this interplay, by highlighting fact that indeed bidirectional rather than unidirectional. exhibits potential supporting even enhancing functionalities.

Classical game theory is a powerful tool focusing on optimized resource distribution, allocation, and sharing in classical wired wireless networks. As quantum networks are emerging as means of providing true connectivity between computers, it imperative crucial to exploit for addressing challenges such entanglement distribution access, routing, topology extraction, inference. Quantum provide the promising opportunity employing games owing their inherent capability generating states. In...

In the near to mid future, Quantum Local Area Networks (QLANs) – fundamental building block of Internet will unlike exhibit physical topologies characterized by densely connections among nodes. On contrary, it is pragmatic consider QLANs based on simpler, scarcely-connected topologies, such as star topologies. This constraint, if not properly tackled, significantly impact QLAN performance in terms communication delay and/or overhead. Thankfully, possible create on-demand links between nodes,...

Abstract The paper proposes a Distributed Hash Table (DHT)‐based multi‐path routing protocol for scalable ad hoc networks. Specifically, we propose multipath‐based improvement to recently proposed DHT‐based shortest‐path protocol, namely the Dynamic Address RouTing (DART). resulting referred as DART (M‐DART), guarantees forwarding without introducing any additional communication or coordination overhead with respect DART. performances of M‐DART have been evaluated by means numerical...