This paper proposes a decision tree (DT)-based systematic approach for cooperative online power system dynamic security assessment (DSA) and preventive control. adopts new methodology that trains two contingency-oriented DTs on daily basis by the databases generated from simulations. Fed with real-time wide-area measurements, one DT of measurable variables is employed DSA to identify potential issues, other controllable provides support control strategies against those issues. A...

Due to progressive displacement of conventional power plants by wind turbines, dynamic security large-scale integrated systems is significantly compromised. In this paper we first highlight the importance reactive support/voltage in with least presence plants. Then propose a mixed integer optimization based method for optimal allocation systems. One important aspect proposed methodology that unlike static flow approaches, considers detailed system dynamics and turbine grid code compliance...

This paper presents an improved method to estimate the available inertia in islanded AC microgrid. Inertia estimation is carried out based on measured frequency response for any arbitrary disturbance that occurs system. Modifications are made conventional swing equation-based curve-fitting obtain accurate a system with high penetration of renewable generations. A polynomial curve fit over total power generation introduced size accurately. Additionally, variable order frequency, which not...

With increasing penetrations of wind generation, based on power‐electronic converters, power systems are transitioning away from well‐understood synchronous generator‐based systems, with growing implications for their stability. Issues concern will vary system size, penetration level, geographical distribution and turbine type, network topology, electricity market structure, unit commitment procedures, other factors. However, variable‐speed turbines, both onshore connected offshore through...

This paper proposes a novel multi-objective planning framework to determine optimal capacity of battery energy storage system (BESS) for coordinated operation large scale offshore wind farm (OWF) and BESS. Multiple objectives such as cost lifetime, availability turbines (WTs), expected not supplied (EENS), loss load hour (LOLH) curtailment have been considered determining BESS OWF. Wake effect in OWF uncertainty speed also incorporated the aforementioned objectives. Moreover, WTs are...

This paper presents a realistic cost-effective model for optimal placement of phasor measurement units (PMUs) complete observability power system considering practical cost implications. The proposed considers hidden or otherwise unaccounted costs involved in PMU installation. Consideration these but significant and integral part total installation was inspired from experience on real-life project. focuses the minimization instead widely used theoretical concept minimal number PMUs. has been...

Large-scale renewable energy integration and consequent displacement of synchronous machines result in low system inertia. Low inertia leads to high rate change frequency, higher frequency nadir, potentially require primary reserve stabilise following a sudden generation shortfall. To address such stability issue wind integrated system, this paper has proposed new realistic control strategy for inertial support from HVDC connected Offshore Wind Farms (OWF). The strategy, which is based on...

This paper proposes a comprehensive method to estimate non-synchronous inertia in an AC microgrid system by analyzing measured frequency transients. Non-synchronous includes inertial support from various inverter-interfaced renewable energy sources and storage devices the form of virtual or emulated inertia. In proposed method, multi-step approach is used identify matrix parameters that estimates overall response. Firstly, motivations are drawn fundamental requirements adequacy RoCoF maximum...

This paper presents a coordinated voltage control scheme (CVCS) for cluster of offshore wind power plants connected to voltage-source converter-based high-voltage direct current system. The primary point the proposed is introduced Pilot bus, which having highest short-circuit capacity in AC grid. developed CVCS comprehends an optimization algorithm, aiming minimum active losses grid, generate reference bus. During steady-state operation, bus controlled by dispatching reactive references each...

In conventional power systems, synchronous generators have been the main source of dynamic reactive power. However, displacement plants by nonsynchronous generation resources, such as wind (WPPs) and other renewable energy sources, result in diminished reserve at system level. System operators various countries are planning to tackle this issue introducing a new ancillary service product. paper, capability Type-4 turbine based WPP considering practical constraints is explored. A effective...

Offshore wind farms (OWF) are being rapidly integrated to the power systems, which can be primarily attributed saturation of mainland onshore area, and high speed in offshore sites. However, maintain stable grid operation, OWFs required comply with Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) capability. OWF during LVRT period should not only stay connected, but also support disturbance. In this paper, a new communication-independent control scheme for HVDC connected has been proposed. Under proposed...

This paper presents a bi-level planning approach to find an optimal layout for large-scale wind farm (WF) from economic and reliability perspectives. The upper level of the is formulated as constrained multi-objective optimization (MOO) obtain WF layout, where two conflicting objectives are optimized simultaneously. Two MOO i) yearly gross energy production ii) annual loan repayment (for cable land area WF), first objective maximized second minimized. Jensen's wake model used calculate...

The displacement of conventional synchronous generation by Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs) poses critical challenges to the frequency stability Renewable Energy (RE) integrated power systems. An increased shift towards green energy integrating RE sources that provide little or no inertia results in a high Rate Change Frequency (RoCoF) and deteriorated nadir/zenith following credible system disturbance. Prediction metrics, such as nadir RoCoF, immediately after disturbances will help grid...

This paper presents a new approach to select suitable wind turbine (WT) for farm (WF) site. In this approach, economy, reliability, resilience, and environmental aspects have been taken into account, as all the four great deal of impact on selection WT given Six commercially available WTs considered study. The energy output from WF is significantly affected by wake, hence, in proposed placement optimized using particle swarm optimization reduce wake effect while increasing production. A...

Accurate estimation of non-synchronous inertia in renewable energy (RE)-integrated power systems is challenging through conventional approaches, as emulated from inverter-based resources (IBRs) fundamentally different the inherent inertial response synchronous generators. In this context, paper presents a novel realistic approach for estimating large-scale RE-integrated system. The method incorporates an optimal number frequency and voltage monitoring nodes while ensuring accurate inertia....

Grid integration of large-scale power electronic interfaced renewable energy sources leads to a low inertia system, thus resulting in high rate change frequency (RoCoF) and deviations the system following credible contingency. In this article, realistic adaptive communication-independent control strategy for effective inertial primary support from multiterminal HVDC (MTDC) connected offshore wind farms (OWFs) has been proposed. The proposed can identify distinguish grid under disturbance...