Roots, the hidden half of crop plants, are essential for resource acquisition. However, knowledge about genetic control below-ground plant development in wheat, one most important small-grain crops world, is very limited. The molecular interactions connecting root and shoot growth, thus modulating plant's demand water nutrients along with its ability to access them, largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that linkage drag European bread driven by strong selection a haplotype variant...

Biogas digestates contain valuable nutrients but also have high water contents. Di-gestates were sampled from two different biogas facilities before and after solid-liquid separation analyzed with regard to their composition phosphorus (P) fractions. Additionally, investigate the P fertilizer effects of these in comparison undigested slurry or TripleSuper-P (TSP), they applied a pot experiment (6 kg soil per pot) an amount corresponding 200 mg combination various crops (amaranth, maize,...

Abstract Drought stress is an important limitation for potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) production as depends on appropriate water availability high yields of good quality. Therefore, especially in the background climate change, it goal breeding to improve drought tolerance. In this study, 34 European starch cultivars were evaluated tolerance by growing under well‐watered and long‐term conditions rainout shelters 2 years’ pot trials. Besides yield, six physiological traits, that free proline...

Abstract In order to obtain an overview of the genetic diversity present within set pea cultivars released in Germany, 21 were analysed at DNA level by random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) and fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), as well for agronomic traits. Yield grain ranged from 2.95 3.87 t/ha. Based on screening 60 RAPD primers 32 Eco RI + 3/ Mse I+3 AFLP primer combinations, 20 11 MseI 3 combinations generating distinct fragments chosen estimation diversity. Twenty a total 314...

Sorghum is a promising alternative to maize for bioenergy production in Europe; however, its use currently limited by poor adaptation low temperatures during and after germination. We collected multi-trait phenotype data under optimal suboptimal genetically diverse recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population showing contrasting segregation patterns pre- post-emergence chilling tolerance. Germination, emergence, seedling development, root architecture survival were assessed two different...

Roots facilitate acquisition of macro- and micronutrients, which are crucial for plant productivity anchorage in the soil. Phosphorus (P) is rapidly immobilized soil hardly available plants. Adaptation to P scarcity relies on changes root morphology towards rooting systems well suited topsoil foraging. Root-system architecture (RSA) defines spatial organization network comprising primary, lateral stem-derived roots important adaptation stress conditions. RSA phenotyping a challenging task...

Abstract Improved cold tolerance during the juvenile phase is a major breeding goal to develop new sorghum cultivars suitable as an alternative energy crop in temperate regions. The objectives of this study were identify marker‐trait associations for diversity panel fingerprinted with 2620 single nucleotide polymorphism ( SNP ) markers and detect quantitative trait loci QTL two F 2:3 populations. Traits interest dry matter growth rate DMGR ), leaf appearance LAR chlorophyll content SPAD...

Abstract Crop models are valuable tools for simulating and assessing genotype‐by‐environment interactions. In most studies, these parameterized based on crop data from a few sites years, which often limits their applicability to broader geographic context. Therefore, we utilize countrywide multi‐environment variety trial in this study implement genotype‐specific model parameterization winter rye ( Secale cereale L.) Germany. We use the Environment REsource Synthesis (CERES) originally used...

Assessment of genetic variability in crops has a strong impact on plant breeding and conservation resources. It is particularly useful the characterization individuals, accessions, cultivars determining duplications germplasm collections for selecting parents. The objective this study was to estimate diversity obtain information relationship among 96 sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] accessions from Sudan, ICRISAT, Nebraska, USA, using 16 simple sequence repeats (SSRs). In total, 117...

Abstract Uniformly developing plants with a predictable time to harvest or flowering under unfavourable climate conditions are major breeding goal in crop species. The main regulators and their response environmental signals have been identified Arabidopsis thaliana homologues of genes mapped many However, it remains unclear which determine within across genotype variability Brassica oleracea how genetic regulation is influenced by factors. this study model‐based prediction B. DH‐line...

Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) is a vernalization-responsive crop. High ambient temperatures delay harvest time. The elucidation of the genetic regulation floral transition highly interesting for precise scheduling and to ensure stable market supply. This study aims at dissection temperature-dependent curd induction in cauliflower by genome-wide association studies gene expression analysis. To assess induction, two greenhouse trials under distinct temperature regimes were...

Potato is considered to have a low phosphorus (P) efficiency compared other crops. Therefore, P fertilization requirements are high. New cultivars with improved may contribute save limited mineral sources and reduce eutrophication of surface water bodies. The present study aims characterize the different potato genotypes identify mechanisms that improve in cultivated potato. A diversity set 32 accessions was used assess their efficiency. From this set, five were selected two pot experiments...

Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient required for plant metabolism and growth. Its acquisition by plants depends on the availability of dissolved P in rhizosphere characteristics uptake mechanisms such as root-system architecture (RSA). Compared to other crops, potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has a relatively poor efficiency. This mainly due its shallow sparsely branched root system, resulting rather limited exploitable soil volume. Information about genotypes with RSA traits suitable...

Abstract Improved adaptation of potato to limited water availability is needed for stable yields under drought. The maintenance the cell status and protection cellular components against dehydration are important drought tolerance, N plants affects regulation various respective metabolic processes. A 2‐year pot trial with 17 cultivars was conducted a rain‐out shelter including two regimes N‐levels investigate genotypic differences concerning osmotic adjustment ( OA ) relevant biochemical...

The development of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) is highly dependent on temperature due to vernalization requirements, which often causes delay and unevenness in maturity during months with warm temperatures. Integrating quantitative genetic analyses phenology modeling was suggested accelerate breeding strategies towards wide-adaptation cauliflower. present study aims at establishing a genome-based model simulating the doubled haploid (DH) lines predict time curd induction DH...

Abstract Late blight remains the most devastating disease in potato cultivation. The best protection against this could be achieved by durably resistant cultivars, but these do not exist at present. To advance resistance breeding, search for wild species and characterization of their is important. There have recently been a number new developments area. For reason, all known to authors which has found date are listed article with respective genes QTL. Lastly, an overview given, how sources...