Exposure of Arabidopsis thaliana young and mature leaves to the herbicide paraquat (Pq) resulted in a localized increase hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) leaf veins neighboring mesophyll cells, but this was not similar two types. Increased H2O2 production concomitant with closed reaction centers (qP). Thirty min after Pq exposure despite induction photoprotective mechanism non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) leaves, lower mainly due higher activity ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Later, 60 exposure, total...

Drought, the major limiting factor for plant growth and crop productivity, affecting several physiological biochemical processes, is expected to increase in duration, intensity, frequency as a consequence of climate change. Plants have developed approaches either avoid or tolerate water deficit. response drought stress (DS), close stomata, reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) entry leaf, thus decreasing photosynthesis which results reduced synthesis essential organic molecules that sustain life on...

Salicylic acid (SA), an essential plant hormone, has received much attention due to its role in modulating the adverse effects of biotic and abiotic stresses, acting as antioxidant growth regulator. However, photosynthesis under non stress conditions is controversial. By chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis, we evaluated consequences foliar applied 1 mM SA on photosystem II (PSII) efficiency tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants estimated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation....

Aspirin (Asp) is extensively used in human health as an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and anti-thrombotic drug. In this study, we investigated if the foliar application of Asp on tomato plants has comparable beneficial effects photosynthetic function to that salicylic acid (SA), with which it shares similar physiological characteristics. We assessed consequences Asp-spray photosystem II (PSII) efficiency plants, estimated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation chloroplast ultrastructural...

Inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) have been proposed as alternative fertilizers to suppress plant disease and increase crop yield. However, phytotoxicity of NPs remains a key factor for their massive employment in agricultural applications. In order investigate new effective, nonphytotoxic, inexpensive fungicides, the present study CuZn bimetallic (BNPs) synthesized antifungals, while assessment photosystem II (PSII) efficiency by chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis is utilized an...

We provide new data on the mechanism of Noccaea caerulescens acclimation to Cd exposure by elucidating process photosystem II (PSII) chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis. Seeds from metallophyte N. were grown in hydroponic culture for 12 weeks before 40 and 120 μM 3 4 days. At beginning Cd, we observed a spatial leaf heterogeneity decreased PSII photochemistry, that later recovered completely. This was achieved possibly through reduced plastoquinone (PQ) pool signaling. Exposure under...

We investigated flavonoid accumulation and lipid peroxidation in young leaves (YL) mature (ML) of Arabidopsis thaliana plants, whose watering stopped 24 h before sampling, characterized as onset drought stress (OnDS), six days mild (MiDS), ten moderate (MoDS). The response to (DS) photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry, both leaf types, was evaluated by estimating the allocation absorbed light photochemistry (ΦPSII), heat dissipation regulated non-photochemical energy loss (ΦNPQ) non-regulated...

High light (HL) intensity has a substantial impact on energy flow and partitioning within photosynthetic apparatus. To realize the of HL zinc (Zn) tolerance mechanisms in clary sage (Salvia sclarea L., Lamiaceae) plants, we examined effect altered chlorophyll nutrient uptake under excess Zn supply response mechanism photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry. Eight-week-old plants were treated with 5 μM (control) or 900 Hoagland solution. Leaf elemental analysis for Zn, Mn, Mg, Fe was performed by...

Photosystem II (PSII) functions were investigated in basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plants sprayed with 1 mM salicylic acid (SA) under non-stress (NS) or mild drought-stress (MiDS) conditions. Under MiDS, SA-sprayed leaves retained significantly higher (+36%) chlorophyll content compared to NS, leaves. PSII efficiency NS conditions, evaluated at both low light (LL, 200 μmol photons m−2 s−1) and high (HL, 900 s−1), increased a parallel significant decrease the excitation pressure (1-qL) excess...

Water deficit is the major stress factor magnified by climate change that causes most reductions in plant productivity. Knowledge of photosystem II (PSII) response mechanisms underlying crop vulnerability to drought critical better understanding consequences on plants. Salicylic acid (SA) application under may stimulate PSII function, although exact mechanism remains essentially unclear. To reveal celery plants sprayed with water (WA) or SA, we employed chlorophyll fluorescence imaging...

Aluminium (Al) the most abundant metal in earth’s crust is toxic acid soils (pH < 5.5) mainly ionic form of Al3+ species. The ability crops to overcome Al toxicity varies among crop species and cultivars. Here, we report for a first time simultaneous responses photosystem II (PSII) I (PSI) phytotoxicity. PSII PSI durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. cv. ‘Appulo E’) triticale (X Triticosecale Witmark ‘Dada’) were evaluated by chlorophyll fluorescence quenching analysis reflection spectroscopy...

In addition to direct tissue consumption, herbivory may affect other important plant processes. Here, we evaluated the effects of short-time leaf feeding by Spodoptera exigua larvae on photosynthetic efficiency tomato plants, using chlorophyll a fluorescence imaging analysis. After 15 min feeding, light used for photochemistry at photosystem II (PSII) (ΦPSII), and regulated heat loss PSII (ΦNPQ) decreased locally zones, accompanied increased non-regulated energy losses (ΦNO) that indicated...

We evaluated photosystem II (PSII) functionality in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) before and after a 15 min feeding by the leaf miner Tuta absoluta using chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis combined with reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection. Fifteen minutes feeding, we observed at zone whole decrease effective quantum yield of photochemistry (ΦPSII). While regulated non-photochemical energy loss PSII (ΦNPQ) did not change, level there was significant increase. As result,...

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Potato, Solanum tuberosum L., one of the most commonly cultivated horticultural crops throughout world, is susceptible to a variety herbivory insects. In present study, we evaluated consequence feeding by sap-sucking insect Halyomorpha halys on potato leaf photosynthetic efficiency. By using chlorophyll fluorescence imaging methodology, examined photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry in terms and at whole area. The role reactive oxygen species (ROS) potato's defence response mechanism...

Dramatic climate change has led to an increase in the intensity and frequency of drought episodes and, together with high light conditions Mediterranean area, detrimentally influences crop production. Salicylic acid (SA) been shown supress phototoxicity, offering photosystem II (PSII) photoprotection. In current study, we attempted reveal mechanism by which SA is improving PSII efficiency oregano seedlings under moderate stress (MoDS). Foliar application decreased chlorophyll content normal...

Melatonin (MT) is considered as an antistress molecule that plays a constructive role in the acclimation of plants to both biotic and abiotic stress conditions. In present study, we assessed impact 10 100 μM MT foliar spray, on chlorophyll content, photosystem II (PSII) function, under moderate drought stress, oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) plants. Our aim was elucidate molecular mechanism action photosynthetic electron transport process. Foliar spray with more effective mitigating negative...

In recent years, inorganic nanoparticles, including calcium hydroxide nanoparticles [Ca Ca(OH)