This paper examines the asymptotic performance of MUSIC-like algorithms for estimating directions arrival (DOA) narrowband complex noncircular sources. Using closed-form expressions covariance distribution different projection matrices, it provides a unifying framework investigating arbitrary subspace-based valid Gaussian or non-Gaussian and circular We also derive robustness properties from estimated DOA given by such algorithms. These results are successively applied to four algorithms:...

Global environmental changes, nuclear power risks, losses in the electricity grid, and rising energy costs are increasing desire to rely on more renewable for generation. Recently, most people prefer live work smart places like cities universities which integrating grid systems. The large part of these systems is based hybrid sources make management a challenging task. Thus, design an intelligent controller required. present paper proposes combined fuzzy logic fractional-order...

With increasing energy prices, nuclear concerns, climate changes, and electrical grid losses, the demand to rely on more renewable is growing. The majority of people currently prefer live work in smart environments, such as cities institutions with an integrated microgrid. Energy management a complex topic because large amount these microgrid systems hybrid sources. As result, controller needs be created. current research provides new control technique for DC-microgrid based combined fuzzy...

After providing an extension of the Slepian-Bangs formula for general noncircular complex Gaussian distributions, this paper focuses on stochastic Crame/spl acute/r-Rao bound (CRB) direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation accuracy sources. We derive explicit expression CRB DOA parameters alone in case sources by two different methods. One them consists computing asymptotic covariance matrix maximum likelihood (ML) estimator, and other is obtained directly from our extended formula. Some...

Fast implementations of the SParse Iterative Covariance-based Estimation (SPICE) algorithm are presented for source localization in passive sonar applications. SPICE is a robust, user parameter-free, high-resolution, iterative and globally convergent estimation array processing. offers superior resolution lower sidelobe levels at cost higher computational complexity compared to conventional delay-and-sum beamforming method. It shown this paper that can be reduced by exploiting Toeplitz...

This paper addresses the resolution of conventional and noncircular MUSIC algorithms for arbitrary circular second-order distributions two uncorrelated closely spaced transmitters observed by an array. An explicit closed-form expression mean null spectrum is derived using analysis based on perturbations noise projector instead those eigenvectors. Based these results, theoretical approximate interpretable expressions threshold array signal-to-noise ratios (ASNR) at which are able to resolve...

This paper presents a series of user parameter-free iterative Sparse Asymptotic Minimum Variance (SAMV) approaches for array processing applications based on the asymptotically minimum variance (AMV) criterion. With assumption abundant snapshots in direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation problem, signal powers and noise are jointly estimated by proposed AMV approach, which is later proved to coincide with Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimator. We then propose power-based SAMV approaches, robust...

This paper focuses on the stochastic Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) of direction arrival (DOA) estimates for binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) and quaternary (QPSK) modulated signals corrupted by additive circular complex Gaussian noise. Explicit expressions CRB DOA parameter alone in case a single signal waveform are given. These CRBs compared, one hand, with those obtained different priori knowledge and, other under noncircular distribution deterministic CRBs. It is shown particular that...

This paper addresses the data-aided (DA) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimation for constant modulus modulations over time-variant flat Rayleigh fading channels. The channel is modeled by considering Jakes' model and first order autoregressive (AR1) model. Closed-form expressions of Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) DA SNR are derived known unknown fast channels parameters cases. As special cases, CRBs slow uncorrelated derived. Analytical approximate low high SNR. These that enable derivation a number...

Fast implementations of the sparse iterative covariance-based estimation (SPICE) algorithm are presented for source localization with a uniform linear array (ULA). SPICE is robust, user parameter-free, high-resolution, iterative, and globally convergent processing. offers superior resolution lower sidelobe levels compared to conventional delay-and-sum beamforming method; however, traditional implementation has higher computational complexity (which exacerbated in dimensional data). It shown...

Several direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithms have been proposed to exploit the structure rectilinear or strictly second-order noncircular signals. But until now, only compact closed-form expressions corresponding deterministic Cramér-Rao bound (DCRB) derived because it is much easier derive than stochastic CRB (SCRB). As this latter asymptotically achievable by maximum likelihood estimator, while DCRB unattainable, important a expression for SCRB assess performance DOA The aim...

This paper designs an intelligent energy management control for a stand alone smart DC- micro-grid using super twisting fractional order method. Based on mathematical model of the micro-grid, controllers are derived source side converters such as photovoltaic (PV),wind, AC grid and battery system, load converters. available measured input consumed output power, algorithm decides appropriate mode operation controller. All DC loads connected to treated essential no shedding can be allowed by...

This letter presents an extension of the wellknown Whittle's formula for asymptotic Fisher information matrix (FIM) on power spectrum parameters zeromean stationary Gaussian processes to compound (CGP). The new includes a corrective factor that depends considered CG distribution, in addition usual term.

This paper focuses on the stochastic Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) direction of arrival (DOA) estimation accuracy for noncircular Gaussian sources in general case an arbitrary unknown noise field parameterized by a vector unknowns. Explicit closed-form expressions CRB DOA parameters alone are obtained directly from Slepian-Bangs formula complex distributions. As special case, under nonuniform white assumption is derived. Our can be viewed as extensions well-known results Stoica and Nehorai,...

This paper is mainly dedicated to an extension of the Slepian-Bangs formula non-circular complex elliptical symmetric (NC-CES) distributions, which derived from a new stochastic representation theorem. includes Gaussian and circular CES (CCES) distributions. Some general relations between Cramer Rao bound (CRB) under distributions are deduced. It proved in particular that distribution does not always lead largest CRB (SCRB) as many authors tend believe it. Finally attention paid noisy...

This paper examines the stochastic Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) of direction arrival (DOA) estimates for binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), minimum shift (MSK) and quaternary (QPSK) modulated signals in presence unknown nonuniform Gaussian noise. After deriving closed-form expressions CRB, statistical resolution limit, defined as source separation that equals its own CRB is given. It shown this highest achievable proportional to reciprocal fourth root product number snapshots by an extended signal...

This paper addresses the joint path delay and time-varying complex gain estimation for continuous phase modulation (CPM) over a time-selective slowly varying flat Rayleigh fading channel. We propose an expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm in Kalman smoother framework. The is modeled by first order autoregressive (AR) process. Such modeling yields to representation of problem dynamic Bayesian system state-space form that allows application EM context unobserved data obtaining estimate...

This paper addresses the degree of second-order non-circularity or impropriety complex random variables and its purpose is to complement previously available theoretical results. New properties rate (also called circularity spectrum) are given for scalar multidimensional with a particular attention paid rectilinear variables, i.e., maximum spectrum. Finally, likelihood estimate spectrum in Gaussian case asymptotic distribution this arbitrary distributions given.