The main objective of this work is to investigate the effect a set crude oil emulsion variables, including pH and salt water contents, upon microwave demulsification process. A series batch runs were carried out evaluate final emulsified content samples after exposure microwaves. Tests performed at distinct heating temperatures, using water-in-heavy containing different contents pH. Well-defined temperature programs established control amount energy applied and, ultimately, viscosity. Higher...

The main objective of this work is to investigate the role two types ionic liquids, omimBF4 and omimPF6, upon microwave demulsification process. A series batch runs were carried out evaluate final emulsified water content emulsion samples after exposure microwaves at distinct liquid concentrations. Tests performed in a commercial reactor system, using high stable water-in-crude oil containing different salt contents. Similar separation tests conducted under conventional heating investigated...

The use of ionic liquids (ILs) as demulsifiers water-in-crude oil emulsions represents a new field study. main purpose this work is to investigate the effect five ILs, [C4mim]+[NTf2]−, [C8mim]+[NTf2]−, [C12mim]+[NTf2]−, [C4py]+[NTf2]−, and [C8mim]+[ [OTf]−, set operation parameters on demulsification process, including heating type (conventional microwave), IL concentration (0.74–8.9 μmol/g), alkyl chain length, cation anion efficiency. results indicated that was favored when more...

The main focus of the present work was to study influence salinity aqueous phase on interfacial properties a Brazilian crude oil/brine solutions. pendant drop technique used conduct rheological dilatational studies, and methodology for obtaining important parameters also presented. viscoelastic were evaluated through dynamic tests that accomplished up 24 h. film aging time at 40 °C compressibility investigated. results indicated values total elasticity its components, viscous elastic...

Abstract: The development and use of microprocessor-based devices improved the speed reliability transmission manipulation data. More recently, some monitoring techniques were greatly by combination spectroscopic methods fiber optics technology, which allow for in situ in-line acquisition process data, consequently allowing reduction time delays normally involved with sample preparation. Among them, based on near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have certainly become most important ones. main...

In this work, the application of microwave technology is investigated for breaking water-in-heavy crude oil emulsions focusing upon identification acidic species existing in aqueous phase recovered by demulsification process. To accomplish this, a methodology characterization based on GC/qMS (gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry quadrupole type) has been developed. An experimental study was conducted assess effect operating conditions, including heating mode...

Droplet size distribution (DSD) and water content (WC) are two parameters that affect the type/intensity of treatment water-in-crude oil (W/O) emulsions in production fields. Besides, crude viscosity emulsion stability strongly dependent DSD WC. Several papers have reported different techniques for evaluation these properties; however, most them were based on experiments performed at conditions temperature mainly pressure far from those found In this work, we demonstrate optical microscopy...

Asphaltenes are defined as the petroleum fraction insoluble in n-alkanes and soluble aromatic solvents, such toluene. Such definition implies that asphaltenes not a homogeneous material but mixture of fractions. represent one major contributors to several problematic issues for industry. Destabilized can cause arterial clogging within pipelines wellbores, corrosion fouling production equipment, reduction catalyst activity refining processes, other problems. This work describes an...

Abstract Predictive monitoring of two key properties nanocellulose, aspect ratio and yield nanofibrillation, would help manufacturers control optimize production processes, given the uncertainty that still surrounds their influential factors. For that, 20 different types cellulosic lignocellulosic micro/nanofibers produced from spruce pine softwoods, by pre-treatment fibrillation techniques, were used as training testing datasets aiming at development evaluation three machine learning...

Abstract The regioselective oxidation of the primary hydroxyl groups cellulose, usually mediated by (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl radical (TEMPO), is highly popular in scientific literature. However, lack efficient monitoring techniques imposes a severe limitation to its upscaling. This work involves portable, user-friendly near-infrared spectroscopy device, optimized preprocessing techniques, and multivariate calibration quickly estimate carboxyl group content modified cellulose (...

The main objective of this article is evaluating the influence average polystyrene particle size upon near-infrared (NIR) spectra collected during suspension polymerization experiments and observing whether NIR spectroscopy may be used for in-line monitoring control size. It shown that are sensitive to changes size, standard empirical models (PLS—partial least squares—and NN—neural networks) built correlate light absorbance at certain wavelengths fairly well. Finally, it these allow...

Water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions are complex mixtures generally found in crude oil production reservoirs and processing equipment. Sedimentation studies of water-oil enable the analysis fluid dynamic behavior concerning separation this system composed two immiscible liquids. Gravitational settling was evaluated article for a model emulsion consisting water Brazilian diluted clear mineral as organic phase. The effects content temperature were considered study sedimentation velocity emulsions....

In this work, the stability of water-in-crude oil emulsions generated in laboratory was investigated using a phenomenological mathematical model based on population balance equation, considering different phenomena such as binary coalescence water droplets, interfacial with resolved phase, diffusion dispersed and droplet settling. The resulting equation (PBE) nonlinear hyperbolic integro-partial differential which for our particular case required numerical techniques resolution. PBE...

The main objective of this work is evaluating the influence water content and average droplet size upon near-infrared (NIR) spectra collected during water-in-crude oil emulsions synthesis observing whether NIR spectroscopy may be used for predicting these properties simultaneously. It shown that are sensitive to changes standard empirical models [partial least-squares (PLS)] built correlate total absorbance at region properly. Finally, it models, with off-line experiments, allow online...

This work aims to evaluate the activity and stability of solid acid catalysts (niobium oxide sulfated zirconia) in methyl esterification oleic assisted by microwave heating, an alternative route base-catalyzed transesterification reaction using conventional heating. Both have yielded similar conversions (68% for Nb2O5 68.7% zirconia at 200 °C, t = 20 min, methanol-to-fatty molar ratio 10, 5% w/w catalyst), much higher than one obtained without catalyst (39.3%), besides a small deactivation...

ABSTRACT The resolution of seven enantiomeric pairs chiral derivatives xanthones (CDXs) on ( S , )‐Whelk‐O1 and l ‐phenylglycine stationary phases (CSPs) was systematically investigated using multimodal elution conditions (normal‐phase, polar‐organic, reversed‐phase). S,S CSP, under polar‐organic conditions, demonstrated a very good power for the CDXs possessing an aromatic moiety linked to stereogenic center with separation factor ranging from 1.91 7.55 6.71 24.16, respectively. recognition...

Abstract Tailored polymer resins are frequently required for a given application. The lack of instruments in‐line monitoring quality has long been recognized as an important problem in polymerization reactor control. Using the styrene solution system example, we present use near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy alternative tool and situ control monomer conversion average molecular weight resins. By using Kalman filter state estimator accurate first‐principle model, loop could be successfully...