A5041286468- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Climate variability and models
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Remote Sensing and Land Use
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Environmental and Agricultural Sciences
- Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Molecular Spectroscopy and Structure
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
- Historical Astronomy and Related Studies
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Environmental Changes in China
- Forest, Soil, and Plant Ecology in China
- Agricultural risk and resilience
- Climate change impacts on agriculture
- African Botany and Ecology Studies
UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology
2017-2025
National Centre for Earth Observation
2024-2025
Met Office
2024
National Centre for Atmospheric Science
2024
University of Leeds
2024
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
2020
University College London
2013-2017
UCL Australia
2015
We report the analysis of two new spectroscopic observations super-Earth 55 Cancri e, in near infrared, obtained with WFC3 camera onboard HST. e orbits so close to its parent star, that temperatures much higher than 2000 K are expected on surface. Given brightness Cancri, were scanning mode, adopting a very long length and high speed. use our specialized pipeline take into account systematics introduced by these observational parameters when coupled geometrical distortions instrument....
Spectroscopy of exoplanetary atmospheres has become a well established method for the characterization extrasolar planets. We here present novel inverse retrieval code atmospheres. -REx(Tau Retrieval Exoplanets) is line-by-line radiative transfer fully Bayesian framework. -REx includes following features:(1) optimized use molecular line lists from ExoMol project; (2) an unbiased atmospheric composition prior selection, through custom built pattern recognition software; (3) two independent...
Accurate rotation-vibration line lists are calculated for silicon monoxide. Line presented the main isotopologue, $^{28}$Si$^{16}$O, and four monosubsituted isotopologues ($^{29}$Si$^{16}$O, $^{30}$Si$^{16}$O, $^{28}$Si$^{18}$O $^{28}$Si$^{17}$O), in their ground electronic states. These suitable high temperatures (up to 9000 K) including those relevant exoplanetary atmospheres cool stars. A combination of empirical \textit{ab initio} methods is used: potential energy curves determined...
-REx (Tau Retrieval of Exoplanets) is a novel, fully Bayesian atmospheric retrieval code custom built for extrasolar atmospheres. In Waldmann et al., the transmission spectroscopic case was introduced, and here we present emission spectroscopy spectral framework. Compared to spectroscopy, often significantly more degenerate due need retrieve full temperature–pressure (TP) profile. This particularly true in current measurements exoplanetary atmospheres, which are either low signal-to-noise,...
Significance Tropical deforestation tends to increase regional air temperatures, but its impacts on rainfall are more complex. The conventional picture, based largely studies over Amazonia, is that storm frequency can small, deforested areas reduced when the landscape predominantly deforested. This study examines Southern West Africa, a coastal region has little remaining intact forest. Here, ongoing patchy increases of afternoon storms locally. Deforestation appears especially effective at...
Accurate rotation–vibration line lists for two molecules, NaCl and KCl, in their ground electronic states are presented. These suitable temperatures relevant to exoplanetary atmospheres cool stars (up 3000 K). Isotopologues 23Na35Cl, 23Na37Cl, 39K35Cl, 39K37Cl, 41K35Cl 41K37Cl considered. Laboratory data were used refine ab initio potential energy curves order compute accurate ro-vibrational levels. Einstein A coefficients generated using newly determined dipole moment calculated the CCSD(T)...
Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) are large, organised storms that threaten communities in multiple regions around the world with extreme rainfall, lightning and strong winds can lead to flooding, mudslides, destruction of property loss life. Improving predictability these is vital for reducing their impact on population requires understanding processes favour growth.Our recent observation-based analysis thousands MCSs across seven storm “hot-spots” (West Africa, South...
A wealth of studies exist analysing the feedback between soil moisture and convective precipitation across a broad range time space scales, encompassing theoretical, numerical modelling observational approaches. critical step in this is an understanding how moisture, via its control on sensible latent heat fluxes, influences initiation deep clouds. Knowledge where conditions favour triggering new storms also important for short-term weather forecasting. Whilst many analyses consider affects...
Understanding drivers and controls on Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) is critical for predicting rainfall extremes its impacts across time scales, from nowcasting to climate change. For MCSs over land, heterogeneity in surface fluxes length scales presents a primary influence storms. In West Africa, example, MCS initiation enhanced by ~20km scale gradients soil moisture [1]; mature cores are favoured ~200km dry anomalies [2]; the regional circulation responds ~2000km [3], with this...
Comprehensive vibration–rotation line lists for eight isotopologues of carbon monosulphide (CS; 12C32S, 12C33S, 12C34S, 12C36S, 13C32S, 13C33S, 13C34S, 13C36S) in their ground electronic states are calculated. These suitable temperatures up to 3000 K. A spectroscopically-determined potential energy curve (PEC) and dipole moment (DMC) taken from literature. This PEC is adapted suit our method prior the computation ro-vibrational energies. The calculated energies then substituted by...
Abstract Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) play a critical role in tropical rainfall patterns and circulations. To reduce persistent biases improve understanding of the climate system, international groups have called for unprecedented investment global convection–permitting (CP) models. It is essential such models accurately represent MCSs, particular environmental interactions as dynamical control by wind shear. We show that representative current generation CP simulations, MCS updraft...
Involving students in state-of-the-art research from an early age eliminates the idea that science is only for scientists and empowers young people to explore STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering Maths) subjects. It also a great opportunity dispel harmful stereotypes about who suitable careers, while leaving feeling engaged modern scientific method.
Abstract This article presents a land–atmosphere case‐study for single day during monsoon onset, incorporating data from research aircraft, satellite products and model outputs. The unique aircraft observations reveal temperature humidity contrasts of up to 5 K 4 g/kg in the planetary boundary layer induced by spatial variations soil moisture. Both antecedent rain irrigation were found be drivers this atmospheric variability. There is also evidence moisture‐induced mesoscale circulations...
Abstract Convection over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) has been linked to heavy rain and flooding in downstream parts of China. Understanding processes which influence development convection on TP could contribute better forecasting these extreme events. scale (~1000 km) soil moisture gradients have shown formation convective systems eastern TP. The importance smaller-scale (~10 variability identified other regions (including Sahel Mongolia) but yet be investigated for In addition, compared...
Abstract Thermal processes on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) influence atmospheric conditions regional and global scales. Given this, previous work has shown that soil moisture–driven surface flux variations feed back onto atmosphere. Whilst moisture is a source of predictability, no study evaluated moisture–atmosphere coupling TP in general circulation models (GCMs). In this study, we use several analysis techniques to assess moisture-atmosphere CMIP6 simulations including: instantaneous indices;...
Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) play a critical role in tropical rainfall patterns and circulations. To reduce persistent biases improve understanding of the climate system, international groups have called for unprecedented investment global convection-permitting (CP) models. It is essential such models accurately represent MCSs, particular environmental interactions as dynamical control by wind shear. We show that representative current generation CP simulations, MCS updraft...
Abstract The representation of land–atmosphere coupling in forecast models can significantly impact weather prediction. A previous case study Northern India incorporating both model and observational data identified atmospheric biases a high‐resolution linked to soil moisture that impacted the monsoon trough, an important driver regional rainfall. aim current work is understand whether this behavior present operational forecasts run by National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting...