The problem of the anomalous electron transport in crossed electric and magnetic fields Hall plasma thrusters is investigated. Two mechanisms turbulent are considered: a gradient-drift mechanism resistive one. A strong connection between these corresponding instabilities established. Our analysis shows that prevails over one most domain channel. organizes such way to minimize increment instability. This allows avoid explicit calculations fluctuation intensity while modeling phenomena....

According to present knowledge, countless numerical simulations of the discharge plasma in Hall thrusters were conducted. However, on one hand, adequate two-dimensional (2D) models require a lot time carry out research breathing mode oscillations or structure. On other existing one-dimensional (1D) are usually too simplistic and do not take into consideration such important phenomena as neutral-wall collisions, magnetic field induced by current double, secondary, stepwise ionizations...

The semi-empirical model of Hall-effect thruster lifetime prediction is presented in this paper. based on the insulators sputtering by known first hours operation. physical and mathematical algorithm its realization are presented. An example experimental validation too. was validated during life tests thrusters with nominal power 325 900 W.

Hall-effect thrusters (HETs) are widely used for modern near-Earth spacecraft propulsion and vital future deep-space missions. Methods of modeling HETs developing rapidly. However, such methods not yet precise enough cannot reliably predict the parameters a newly designed thruster, mostly due to enormous computational cost HET plasma simulation. Another approach is use scaling techniques based on available experimental data. This paper proposes an using neural networks other machine learning...

Development of electric propulsion systems (EPS) with high efficiency, reliability and long lifetime is required for solution present-day space challenges. Ion thrusters (IT) are among the most promising types EPS. This work dedicated to numerical simulation discharge chamber plasma. A 2D 3 V kinetic non-stationary particle-in-cell model has been developed. It includes several new techniques. Maintenance quasi-neutrality at cathode border allows value current depending on dynamic plasma...

Large-diameter ion-optical systems are widely used in gridded ion thrusters for missions near-earth space and deep-space research. Ion sputtering of the accelerator grid is main factor that limits thruster’s life. The use carbon-based materials with a lower rate compared to metal grids allows thruster increase its life more than four times. most resistant mechanical loads made carbon-carbon composite materials. Traditionally, optics circular-shaped apertures centers located nodes hexagonal...

Abstract The problem of determining the electron anomalous conductivity profile in a Hall thruster, when its operating parameters are known from experiment, is considered. To solve problem, we propose varying parametrically set until calculated match experimentally measured ones best way. axial 1D3V hybrid model was used to calculate with conductivity. Variation performed using Bayesian optimization Gaussian process (machine learning method), which can resolve all local minima, even for...

A new high dynamic range retarding potential analyzer design is proposed to measure the ion energy distribution in electric propulsion plasma plumes. The main difference between probe and previous designs an ion-optical system with a negative accelerating potential. Applying principle of acceleration focusing flow provides correct operation dense which Debye length can be ten times smaller than diameter grid apertures. As result, has transparency extended operating measured densities....

The paper contains the development results of an orbit-control electric jet propulsion subsystem intended for a geostationary satellite based on EXPRESS-1000 family medium class platform. is newly-developed KM-60 thrusters featuring increased specific pulse, and equipped with Xenon storage tank made composites, small-sized feed unit, PPU dedicated software. During stage, scientific technical tasks were carried out to ensure thruster performance stability over lifetime, create power...

Abstract A two- and three-dimensional velocity space axisymmetric hybrid-PIC model of Hall thruster discharge called Hybrid2D has been developed. The particle-in-cell (PIC) method was used for neutrals ions (heavy species), fluid dynamics on a magnetic field-aligned (MFA) mesh electrons. time-saving heavy species moment interpolation MFA comprises using regular rectangle irregular triangle meshes, connected to each other pre-processing stage. electron takes into account neither inertia terms...

Results of 500-hour life tests the 900-watt Hall-thruster laboratory model with specific impulse 2000 s are presented. The thruster discharge channel walls were manufactured from 60% BN + 40% SiO2 and >90% hot-pressed ceramics. predicted total lifetime was ∼3000 h for both wall materials in spite greater erosion resistance pure comparison BN-SiO2 mixture. To clarify accompanying phenomena, following diagnostics carried out. surface microstructure composition insulators investigated by means...

A theoretical study of high-frequency electron waves in the plasma a Hall-type discharge with crossed electric and magnetic fields is presented. The analysis dispersion relations for homogeneous weakly collisional velocity distribution function obtained relaxation approximation performed. It shown that nonequilibrium character can lead to kinetic instability cyclotron waves. This occurs when thermal electrons comparable drift fields. In quasilinear approximation, compact form diffusion...

Within the "Technology-SG" framework of scientific and technical program Union State Russia Belarus a 180 W ion thruster with direct current discharge chamber is being developed in Keldysh Research Centre. To achieve high performance parameters, electric density operation lifetime project hybrid magnetic system consisting permanent magnets supplemented by coils was considered. This configuration combines advantages energy savings possibility mode optimization. At design stage, preliminary...